›› 2017, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 380-384.

• 综述 • 上一篇    

下颌升支矢状劈开术并发下牙槽神经损伤的研究进展

何佳仪,孙佳麒,江宏兵   

  1. 南京医科大学附属口腔医院
  • 收稿日期:2016-08-19 修回日期:2016-09-12 出版日期:2017-04-28 发布日期:2017-04-11
  • 通讯作者: 江宏兵 E-mail:jhbcd@sina.com

Advances in research of inferior alveolar nerve injury eruption by mandibular sagittal split ramus osteotomy

  • Received:2016-08-19 Revised:2016-09-12 Online:2017-04-28 Published:2017-04-11

摘要: 下牙槽神经(inferior alveolar nerve, IAN)损伤是下颌正颌手术后最为常见的并发症,也是患者和术者共同关心的问题。其发生率报道不一。有关其发生的影响因素主要包括解剖因素与手术因素。下颌升支矢状劈开术作为最常用的下颌正颌外科术式,术中操作技巧与IAN损伤密切相关。IAN损伤的主要症状是患侧下唇、颏部、牙龈的感觉缺失,少数患者出现持续疼痛,触痛以及咬合疼痛或不适。该文对正颌术后IAN损伤的发病特点、影响发病的相关因素、临床表现及治疗方法等作一综述。

关键词: 正颌外科, 下颌升支矢状劈开术, 下牙槽神经, 麻木, 神经损伤

Abstract: Inferior alveolar nerve injury (IAN) is the most common complication after mandibular orthognathic surgery. And it is also the issue that patients and surgeons are all concerned about. Morbidity of IAN injury is reported differently. Influence factors of its occurrence include anatomy and operation ones. As the most famous orthognathic operation, the operative skills of mandibular sagittal split ramus osteotomy have a close relation with IAN injury. The main symptom of IAN injury is anaesthesia of lower lip, chin, and gingiva in affected side. A small number of patients show continuous pain, pressing pain and suffering from occlusal pain or discomfort. This paper reviews pathogenic characteristics, influencing factors, clinical manifestations and therapies of IAN injury after orthognathic surgery and makes a brief summary.

Key words: orthognathic surgery, mandibular sagittal split ramus osteotomy, inferior alveolar nerve, anaesthesia, nerve injury

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