Abstract: Objective　To discuss the prognostic significance of peripheral blood eosinophilia in oral squamous cell carcinoma after surgery. Methods 62 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma who hospitalized in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2012 were retrospectively evaluated, and followed up until December 2014. The mean of the eosinophil percentage and count was calculated. Patients can be divided into two groups, which were more than the meangroup and less than the mean group. Postoperative recurrence ratesof the two groups were compared, and the survival analysis and multivariate COX regression analysis were performed on the two groups of patients.ResultsAccording to the eosinophil count mean grouping, there was statistically significant difference in both recurrence rate and survival rate between the two groups (P = 0.002 and 0.016 respectively). According to the eosinophil percentage mean grouping, the two groups’recurrence rateswere significantly different(P=0.005), yet no statistically significant difference was found in two groups’ overall survival rate (P = 0.0253). By the single factor survival analysis,eosinophil count wasa factoraffecting the survival rate（P=0.03), and the multiariable COX regression analysis showed that eosinophil percentage and count had no obvious effect on the overall survival rate(P＞0.05), but age and recurrence or not may affect theoverall survival rate（P＜0.05). Conclusion Peripheral eosinophil percentage and count reducemay implypostoperative recurrence of the oral squamous cell carcinoma；But there is no enough evidence showing that the change of peripheral blood eosinophilia will affect patients' overall survival rate.

Key words: eosnophils, oral squamous cell carcinoma, prognosis