关键词: 骨缺损, 富血小板血浆, 多孔矿化骨, 颌骨, 双皮质, 引导骨再生, Bony defects, Platelet-rich plasma, bovine porous bone mineral, mandibula, bicortical, guided bone regeneration

Abstract: Objective To investigate the effectiveness of the combination of plateletrich plasma (PRP),bovine porous bone mineral (BPBM) in treating mandibula bicortical bony defects in rabbit. Methods Fiftyfour healthy rabbit participated in the study and they were divided into 3 groups.The 11 millimeter diameter rotundity bicortical bone defects were made surgically on mandible and treated with either the combination of PRP+BPBM+GBR (group 1) or the combination of BPBM+GBR(group 2) or glutin sponge (control group).Changes of the bone defects were observed by Xray,optical microscopy,electron microscopy 4,8 and 12 weeks after operation.The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and calcium and phosphorus contents in blood were measured and analyzed. Results The platelet concentration of PRP was 4.19 to 4.43 times that of the whole blood.The Xray demonstrated that the bone density in group 1 and 2 was obviously higher than that of the control group during the treatment.HE staining showed that in group 1,the new bone formed at the 4th week and the transplants partly degraded while there was less new bone formation in group 2.At the 8th week,the new bones in group 1 were obviously more than group 2.After 12 weeks,the fillings of group 1 were absorbed and replaced by new bones and the trabecular bones and bone lacuna increased while in group 2,the gegenbaur cells and the newlyformed bones were significantly less than group 1 and the new bones in the control group were even less.According to the transmission electron microscopic study,the osteoblasts were found active during the treatment.The number of mitochondrium and rough endoplasmic reticulum in osteoblasts of group 1 was larger than group 2 and control group and the infiltration capacity was better.The control group proved to be the worst.Both group 1 and 2 modalities resulted in significant enhancement of ALP and calcium and phosphorus in blood at week 4,8 and 12 compared with control group. Conclusions The results suggest that the combination of PRP,BPBM and GBR provides a significant regenerative effect on repairing the bicortical bony defects in rabbit.The effects are associated with the high concentration of platelet and abundant growth factors in PRP,and the porous scaffold bone structure.