环状RNA的研究进展

›› 2019, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 450-454.

环状RNA的研究进展

靳也¹,郭杰²,魏福兰²

1. 山东大学口腔医学院
2. 山东大学口腔医学院口腔组织再生重点实验室

收稿日期:2018-11-01 修回日期:2018-11-30 出版日期:2019-05-28 发布日期:2019-05-21
通讯作者: 靳也 E-mail:1048996112@qq.com
基金资助:
在改善糖尿病大鼠牙齿正畸效果过程中miR-222参与二甲双胍调控骨细胞的相关机制研究

Recent advances on the study of circular RNA

Received:2018-11-01 Revised:2018-11-30 Online:2019-05-28 Published:2019-05-21
Contact: Ye JIN E-mail:1048996112@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 摘要：共价闭合的环状RNA（circular RNAs,circRNAs）主要是由真核生物中数千种基因的外显子的前体mRNA的3’和5’端反向剪接而成，是区别于大多数线性RNA的一类特殊的非编码RNA(noncoding RNA,ncRNA)。由于其结构的特殊性，circRNAs具有高度的保守性和稳定性，同时这些特征也赋予了circRNAs许多潜在的功能，例如充当微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)的海绵，或者结合RNA相关蛋白（RNA binding proteins,RBP）以形成调节基因转录的RNA-蛋白质复合物。circRNAs的高稳定性、高丰度和组织特异性表达模式激起了研究者的广泛兴趣。本文主要论述circRNAs的发现、特征、形成、分类和主要功能以及在疾病方面的研究进展。

关键词: 环状RNA, 非编码RNA, miRNA海绵, 可变剪接, 疾病

Abstract: Abstract: Covalently closed circular RNAs (circRNAs) are mainly produced by precursor mRNAback-splicing of the 3 'and 5' ends of exons of thousands of genes in eukaryotes, which is a special class of noncoding RNA different from most linear RNAs.Because of its special structure, circRNAs are highly conserved and stable.These features give circRNAs many potential functions, such as miRNA sponges or binding RNA-related proteins to form an RNA-Protein complex that regulates gene transcription.The high stability, high abundance and tissue specific expression patterns of circRNAs have aroused extensive interest among researchers.In this review, we survey the recent progress on circRNAsbiogenesis, characteristics,formation, classification, main functions and potential implications in various diseases.

Key words: circRNAs, noncoding RNA, microRNA sponge, alternative splicing, diseases

中图分类号:

靳也郭杰魏福兰. 环状RNA的研究进展[J]. , 2019, 39(5): 450-454.

参考文献

[1]. Szabo L, Salzman J. Detecting circular RNAs: bioinformatic and experimental challenges[J]. Nat Rev Genet.2016;17(11):679-692.
[2]. Qu S, Yang X, Li X, et al. Circular RNA: A new star of noncoding RNAs[J]. Cancer Lett.2015;365(2):141-148.
[3]. Sanger HL, Klotz G, Riesner D, et al. Viroids are singlestranded covalently closed circular RNA molecules existing as highly base-paired rod-like structures[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1976, 73:3852-6.
[4]. Salzman J, Gawad C, Wang PL, et al. Circular RNAs are the predominant transcript isoform from hundreds of human genes in diverse cell types[J]. PLoS One.2012;7(2):e30733.
[5]. Jeck WR, Sharpless NE. Detecting and characterizing circular RNAs[J]. Nat Biotechnol.2014;32(5):453-461.
[6]. Li Z, Huang C, Bao C, Chen L, et al. Exon-intron circular RNAs regulate transcription in the nucleus[J]. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2015;22(3):256-264.
[7]. Dong R, Ma XK, Chen LL, Yang L. Increased complexity of circRNA expression during species evolution[J]. RNA Biol. 2017;14(8):1064-1074.
[8]. Chen W, Schuman E. Circular RNAs in Brain and Other Tissues: A Functional Enigma[J]. Trends Neurosci.2016;39(9):597-604.
[9]. Werfel S, Nothjunge S, Schwarzmayr T, Strom TM, Meitinger T, Engelhardt S. Characterization of circular RNAs in human, mouse and rat hearts[J]. J Mol Cell Cardiol.2016;98:103-107.
[10]. Li X, Yang L, Chen LL. The Biogenesis, Functions, and Challenges of Circular RNAs[J]. Mol Cell.2018;71(3):428-442.
[11]. Lasda E, Parker R. Circular RNAs: diversity of form and function[J]. RNA. 2014;20(12):1829-1842.
[12]. Jeck WR, Sorrentino JA, Wang K, et al. Circular RNAs are abundant, conserved, and associated with ALU repeats[J]. RNA.2013;19(2):141-157.
[13]. Meng X, Li X, Zhang P, et al. Circular RNA: an emerging key player in RNA world[J]. Brief Bioinform.2017;18(4):547-557.
[14]. Liu J, Liu T, Wang X, He A. Circles reshaping the RNA world: from waste to treasure[J]. Mol Cancer.2017;16(1):58.
[15]. Salmena L, Poliseno L, Tay Y, et al. A ceRNA hypothesis: the Rosetta Stone of a hidden RNA language[J]? Cell.2011;146(3):353-358.
[16]. Yao W, Yan L, Han L, et al. The CDR1as/miR-7/TGFBR2 axis modulates EMT in silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis[J]. Toxicol Sci.2018.
[17]. Xie F, Li Y, Wang M, et al. Circular RNA BCRC-3 suppresses bladder cancer proliferation through miR-182-5p/p27 axis[J]. Mol Cancer.2018;17(1):144.
[18]. Yu CY, Li TC, Wu YY, et al. The circular RNA circBIRC6 participates in the molecular circuitry controlling human pluripotency[J]. Nat Commun. 2017;8(1):1149.
[19]. Guo JU, Agarwal V, Guo H,et al. Expanded identification and characterization of mammalian circular RNAs[J]. Genome Biology. 2014, 15(7):409 .
[20]. Zhang Y, Zhang XO, Chen T, Xiang JF, Yin QF, Xing YH, et al. Circular intronic long noncoding RNAs[J]. Mol Cell.2013;51(6):792-806.
[21]. Ashwal-Fluss R, Meyer M, Pamudurti NR, et al. circRNA biogenesis competes with pre-mRNA splicing[J]. Mol Cell.2014;56(1):55-66.
[22]. Du WW, Yang W, Liu E, et al. Foxo3 circular RNA retards cell cycle progression via forming ternary complexes with p21 and CDK2[J]. Nucleic Acids Res.2016;44(6):2846-2858.
[23]. Du WW, Yang W, et al. Foxo3 circular RNA promotes cardiac senescence by modulating multiple factors associated with stress and senescence responses[J]. Eur Heart J. 2017;38(18):1402-1412.
[24]. Legnini I, Di Timoteo G, Rossi F, et al. Circ-ZNF609 Is a Circular RNA that Can Be Translated and Functions in Myogenesis[J]. Mol Cell.2017;66(1):22-37 e29.
[25]. Pamudurti NR, Bartok O, Jens M, et al. Translation of CircRNAs[J]. Mol Cell.2017;66(1):9-21 e27.
[26]. Yang Y, Fan X, Mao M, et al. Extensive translation of circular RNAs driven by N(6)-methyladenosine[J]. Cell Res.2017;27(5):626-641.
[27]. Li Y, Zheng Q, Bao C, Li S, et al. Circular RNA is enriched and stable in exosomes: a promising biomarker for cancer diagnosis[J]. Cell Res.2015;25(8):981-984.
[28]. Dong R, Zhang XO, Zhang Y, et al. CircRNA-derived pseudogenes[J]. Cell Res.2016;26(6):747-750.
[29]. Huang G, Zhu H, Shi Y, et al. cir-ITCH plays an inhibitory role in colorectal cancer by regulating the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway[J]. PLoS One.2015;10(6):e0131225.
[30]. Padala RR, Karnawat R, Viswanathan SB, et al. Cancerous perturbations within the ERK, PI3K/Akt, and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling network constitutively activate inter-pathway positive feedback loops[J]. Mol Biosyst.2017;13(5):830-840.
[31]. Chen J, Li Y, Zheng Q, et al. Circular RNA profile identifies circPVT1 as a proliferative factor and prognostic marker in gastric cancer[J]. Cancer Lett.2017;388:208-219.
[32]. Yang Y, Gao X, Zhang M, et al. Novel Role of FBXW7 Circular RNA in Repressing Glioma Tumorigenesis[J]. J Natl Cancer Inst.2018;110(3).
[33]. Memczak S, Papavasileiou P, Peters O,et al. Identification and Characterization of Circular RNAs As a New Class of Putative Biomarkers in Human Blood[J].PLoS One. 2015;10(10).
[34]. Bahn JH, Zhang Q, Li F, et al. The landscape of microRNA, Piwi-interacting RNA, and circular RNA in human saliva[J]. Clin Chem. 2015;61(1):221-230.
[35]. Prefumo F. Circular RNA in blood corpuscles combined with plasma protein factor for early prediction of pre-eclampsia[J]. BJOG. 2016;123(13):2119.
[36]. Zhong Z, Huang M, Lv M, et al. Circular RNA MYLK as a competing endogenous RNA promotes bladder cancer progression through modulating VEGFA/VEGFR2 signaling pathway[J]. Cancer Lett. 2017;403:305-317.
[37]. Geng HH, Li R, Su YM, et al. The Circular RNA Cdr1as Promotes Myocardial Infarction by Mediating the Regulation of miR-7a on Its Target Genes Expression[J].PLoS One. 2016;11(3).