关键词: 种植义齿, 咬合过载, 咬合相关因素, 概念, 临床指导

Abstract: Due to the lack of periodontal ligament, dental implants are more prone to cause occlusal overloading, which leads to dental implant failure. The occlusion designs of dental implants are mainly aimed to avoid occlusal overloading. Measures like a narrowed occlusal table, reduced cusp inclination and a wide freedom (1.0-1.5 mm) in centric relation and maximum intercuspation (MIP) are often taken. A crowntoimplant ratio of 1∶2 is ideal, while 1∶1 is acceptable. Crown height space is 8-12 mm. Implant prostheses with less than 15 mm cantilever are recommended in the mandible, and less than 12 mm in the maxilla. Light occlusion of dental implant is recommended in MIP when an individual missing tooth is restored. And implantprotected occlusion should be suggested when multiple missing teeth are restored. In conclusion, the occlusal scheme of dental implants should be designed according to the number and position of missing teeth, the substance of alveolar bone, parafunctional habits of oral cavity, periodontitis history and so on.

Key words: dental implant, occlusal overloading, risk factors, occlusal concepts, clinical guideline