牙源性干细胞来源的外泌体的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 外泌体是细胞向胞外分泌的微囊泡，包含胆固醇、蛋白质及核酸等分子，在细胞间通讯和组织损伤修复及再生等方面发挥着重要的作用。间充质干细胞（mesenchymal stem cells，MSCs）来源的外泌体既保留了MSCs的功能又避免细胞移植相关的限制和风险以及伦理问题，可能成为“无细胞治疗”的有效手段，具有广阔的医疗应用前景。该文介绍了外泌体的来源及特点以及在组织损伤修复中的作用，并聚焦牙源性干细胞来源的外泌体在促血管再生、免疫调节、促成牙分化、骨组织损伤修复、治疗神经退行性疾病等方面的研究进展，为临床疾病的治疗提供新的研究方法及思路。

关键词: 牙源性干细胞, 外泌体, 血管再生, 免疫调节, 成牙分化

Abstract: As micro vesicles secreted by cells, exosomes, containing cholesterol, protein and nucleic acid, play an important role in cell communication, tissue damage repair and regeneration. MSCsderived exosomes not only retain the function of MSCs, but also avoid the limitations, risks and ethical issues related to cell transplantation. They may become an effective means of "cellfree therapy", and have broad prospects for medical application. This article summarizes the origin and characteristics of exosomes and their role in tissue damage repair, and focuses on progress of research on exosomes from dental tissuederived stem cells in promoting blood vessel regeneration, immune regulation, and in promoting odontogenic differentiation, bone tissue damage repair, and therapy for neurodegenerative diseases, providing new research strategies for clinical treatment.

Key words: dental tissue-derived stem cells, exosomes, angiogenesis, immune regulation, odontogenic differentiation

中图分类号:

R329.28

宫晟凯孙仔昂王晓蒋文凯王玮. 牙源性干细胞来源的外泌体的研究进展[J]. 口腔医学, 2020, 40(12): 1147-1151.

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