Abstract: Utilization of negative checkpoint regulators (NCRs) for immunotherapy has garnered significant interest of oral head and neck tumor research. Compared to chemotherapy, the anti-NCRs targeted drugs are more effective and less harmful with the demonstration of clinical trials. However, with the research of tumor resistance mechanism becoming more and more intensive, myriad tumor resistance cases have appeared for targeted drugs. Therefore, more and more emphasis is focused on combination therapy in order to reduce the resistance and cytotoxicity, and to ensure adequate therapeutic effect. B7H5, also named VISTA (V-domain Ig-containing Suppressor of T cell Activation), is a member of B7-CD28, which has sky-high homology with negative checkpoint factors CTLA-4, PD-1, PD-L1, and is also a member of NCR. At present, the immunosupression mechanism of B7H5 has not been clarified, whose molecule may become an ideal drug combination target. The article reviews the research status of B7H5 molecule in the immunotherapy of oromaxilofacial head and neck tumor.

Key words: B7H5(VISTA), Negative Checkpoint Regulators（NCR）, Anti-tumor immunotherapy, Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ISTME), Tumor immuno-editing