Abstract: Objective To apply pulpotomy into 30 permanent teeth with cariously exposure and observe the two-year clinical effect to provide theoretical guidance for its application in clinic. Methods　Sixty-three cariously exposed permanent teeth with closed apices and vital pulps were included. Moreover, preoperative pulpal and periapical diagnosis was conducted. The teeth were divided into two groups, in which the experimental group was treated with pulpotomy (30), and the control group was treated with one-visit RCT (one-visit root canal therapy) (33). Subsequent visits were conducted 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, 24 months after operation. Then therapeutic effects were assessed through clinical and radiographic evaluation. All statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 18.0 statistical package. Results　The success rates of pulpotomy group in 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, 24 months were respectively 100%, 96.67%, 96.67% and 93.33%, while the success rates of root canal therapy were respectively 100%, 100%, 96.97% and 96.97%.There were no significant differences between pulpotomy and RCT(χ2=0.010，P=0.601) in the success rate. Conclusions　This therapy can be applied to the mature permanent teeth of carious pulp and achieve high success rate, which is expected to be an alternative treatment for root canal therapy.

Key words: Key words：　Deep caries of carious pulp , Pulpotomy , Mineral trioxide aggregate