Abstract: Objective　To investigate the role of participatory treatment in dental treatment of preschool children. Methods 90 children aged 3 to 6, who first visited our stomatological clinic from June 2017 to June 2018 and needed to be re-visited, were selected. According to the random number method, they were divided into experimental group and control group, 45 cases in each group. The control group was given routine intervention, and the experimental group was given participatory treatment besides routine intervention at each visit. Children’s fear survey schedule-dental subscale (CFSS-DS), the Frankl behavior rating scale (Frankl), the Houpt behavior rating scale (Houpt) were used to evaluate the degree of dental fear, treatment compliance and treatment completion of the two groups after the first visit and the second visit, and their statistical differences were compared. Results The rate of re-visit in the experimental group was 93.33%, higher than that in the control group (77.78%), and the difference was statistically significant (?2=4.406, P<0.05). The CFSS-DS scores of the experimental group were lower than those in the control group, and the Frankl compliance and Houpt effect were better than those of the control group. There were significant differences between the two groups in the three scales(P all<0.05). Compared with the first visit, the CFSS-DS score of the experimental group was lower and Frankl treatment compliance was better, and the differences were statistically significant (P all< 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the results of the Houpt scale (P>0.05). Conclusion Participatory treatment in dental treatment of preschool children can alleviate the degree of dental fear, improve the treatment rate and compliance.

Key words: preschool children, participatory treatment, dental diagnosis and treatment