Abstract: Bone morphogenetic protein heterodimers have received much attention because they have lower dosages and higher osteogenesis-inducing ability than homodimers. This article introduces the related research of BMP heterodimers, including species and structure, mechanism of action, and research on osteoinduction, to compare the functional differences between them and BMP homodimers, and prospect their future.

Key words: bone morphogenetic protein, heterodimer, homodimer, osteoinduction