Abstract: Objective To retrospectively analyze the effect of using hydroxyapatite bioceramics to fill the bone defect in the affected teeth after apicectomy. Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on the cases receiving apicectomy in our department from 2018 to 2020, and the patients were grouped according to their age, gender, affected tooth position, periapical lesion range, and clinical etiology type. Clinical symptoms and imaging examinations were conducted by preoperative and 6-month follow-up visits. The clinical success rates of the two methods of intraoperative filling of bone defect with hydroxyapatite bioceramics and covering bone defect area with oral repair membrane were compared with that of only covering bone defect area with oral repair membrane. Results By the criteria of inclusion and exclusion, a total of 57 effective follow-up cases (23 males, 34 females) with 88 affected teeth were screened and included, and the treatment success rate was 97.7%. According to the results of statistical analysis, gender, age, tooth position, periapical shadow size and clinical etiology type of patients had no statistical influence on the efficacy of apicectomy (P>0.05), but whether hydroxyapatite bioceramics was used to fill the bone defect area had a significant influence on the efficacy (P<0.01). There was no interaction between the use of hydroxyapatite bioceramics and other factors (P>0.05). Conclusion For cases with apical lesions less than 7 mm, a satisfactory treatment effect can be achieved if the bone defect area is simply covered with oral repair membrane. For teeth with lesions greater than 7 mm, bioceramics should be used to fill the bone defect area.

Key words: apicectomy, hydroxyapatite bioceramics, periapical periodontitis, retrograde filling, retrospective analysis