Abstract: Objective　To investigate the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on survivin expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Methods　A total of 18 biopsy confirmed cases of OSCC were included. DFP program (cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, bleomycin) was adopted and two courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy were performed before operation. Tumor tissue before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was got, and normal lip tissue needless in cheilorrhaphy cut off from 10 cases was regarded as control group of normal oral tissue. The expression of Survivin was analyzed in the three groups by immunohistochemistry. Results　The expression rates of survivn positive cells in normal oral mucosa, OSCC before neoadjuvant chemotherapy and OSCC after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were 14.50±1.96%, 57.78±3.39% and 45.72±2.32% respectively (P<0.05), with conparison among groups F=814.37，P<0.05. The average optical densities of Survivin in normal oral mucosa, OSCC before neoadjuvant chemotherapy and OSCC after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were 12.75±1.13, 77.90±12.64 and 47.17±15.08 respectively, with conparison among groups F=90.98，P<0.05. Conclusion　 The expression of Surviving decreases obviously after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (DFP program).