Abstract:

Objective This study aims to explore the mechanical properties of cancellous bone at different tooth positions and at different levels of tooth roots, and to provide a basis for the establishment of an accurate constitutive alveolar bone model. Methods Human maxillary and mandibular bone collected from fresh corpses was divided into several independent cancellous bone cubes at different tooth positions(anterior and posterior regions)and different levels of the roots(cervical, middle and apical regions). After micro-CT imaging bone density analysis, uniaxial compression test was performed at a loading rate of 0.1 mm/min, and the stress-strain curve was linearly fitted. The elastic modulus was calculated and compared to see if there were differences in the elastic modulus of cancellous bone in different parts of the alveolar bone. Results Under uniaxial compression at 0.1 mm/min, the compressive stress-strain curve for human alveolar cancellous bone was non-linear, with moduli of elasticity ranging from 340 to 805 MPa for all parts of the human maxilla and 107 to 730 MPa for all parts of the mandible. The elastic modulus of cancellous bone in different parts of the alveolar bone was statistically different. The elastic modulus of maxillary and mandibular alveolar cancellous bone was greater in the anterior region than in the the posterior region(P<0.05), in the cervical region than in the middle of the root, and in the middle of the root than in the apical region(P<0.01). Conclusion The cancellous bone elastic modulus is greater in the anterior region than in the posterior, in the cervical region than in the middle, and in the middle region than in the apical. The mechanical properties of cancellous bone in human alveolar bone are influenced by the density of cancellous bone, the location of the root, and the root level.

Key words: human alveolar cancellous bone, uniaxial compression test, elastic modulus, biomechanics