Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a new zirconia primer on bond strength between resin composite and zirconia. Methods: 32 zirconia blocks were manufactured and randomly divided into 4 groups and received different surface-treatments. Group A: alumina sandblasted; Group B: alumina sandblasted followed by silica coating via sol-gel process combined by applying silane couple agent; Group C: alumina sandblasted followed by applying a ceramic primer contained 10-MDP monomer; Group D: alumina sandblasted followed by applying a new zirconia experimental primer. 32 light-cured composite resin cylinders were prepared and bonded on the zirconia discs using a conventional Bis-GMA based resin cement. Then, shear bond strengths (SBS) and modes of failure were determined. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) were used for characterization of zirconia treated by the experimental primer, and FTIR was used for characterization of the experimental primer. Results: According to statistical analysis, group A presented the lowest SBS values, while group D presented the highest mean SBS values. Conclusion: Using of the new zirconia experimental primer increases the short-time bond strength of zirconia.

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the related factors of the prognosis after replantation of the avulsed young permanent teeth. Methods 50 avulsed young permanent teeth of 46 patients from the clinic which were replanted based on the guideline of the teeth injuries were observed, from 2008 to 2011, about the storage pattern, replantation time, the development level of the root, time of pulp remove and the prognosis. The observing period lasted from 6 months to 2 years. Results 74% of 50 teeth were in dry storage and 70% came to clinic over 60 min after injury. The less root development was (Nolla 7), the longer pulp necrosis needed to be observed. The closer root development was to completion (Nolla 9), the faster dental pulp necrosis appeared. Conclusion The prognosis is better in the condition of shorter root development and shorter time of dry storage in the young permanent teeth avulsion.

Abstract: Objectives To explore the novel method to obtain the occlusal vertical dimension so as to find out the relationship between occlusal vertical dimension and marking points of facial hard and soft tissue. Method The study sample consisted of 100 participants, who were older than 50 and had stable occlusal relation. We overlapped the X-ray lateral radiographs and digital lateral photos with Photoshop, measured vertical dimension, the lengths and angles among facial hard and soft tissue marking points, and analyzed the relationship between lengths and angles among facial anatomical marking points and occlusal vertical distances. Result The mean value of occlusal vertical dimension was (62.83±6.11) mm, which was obviously related to age, but had no obvious relationship with gender. After the correlation test, we found that occlusal vertical dimension had strong correlations with several lengths among facial anatomical marking points, that they showed a certain linear relation, and that the mandibular plane angel was an important factor of the above mentioned correlation. Conclusion Facial anatomical marking points have certain referential value for obtaining occlusal vertical dimension clinically.

Objective To observe and evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of collagen-matrix bone materials in repair of periodontal bone defect. Methods Patients with periodontitis were divided into 2 groups in a randomized, double-blind manner. A group received bone grafts with collagen-matrix bone materials. B group received Ruifu nano artificial bone. The probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), tooth mobility, and alveolar bone healing status were evaluated before surgery and three, six months after surgery. Results Both collagen-matrix bone and nano artificial bone significantly decreased PD, CAL, SBI, or TM of surgery teeth (P<0.01). There was no statistical difference between A and B groups (P>0.05). Conclusions The application of collagen-matrix bone can improve periodontal indexes. The collagen-matrix bone materials may repair periodontal bone defect effectively and safely in periodontal bone grafts surgery.

Objective To assess the effect of Silencor after Silencor was used on child patients with OSAS by the variation of upper airway and AHI. Methods Seventeen child patients (3-12 years old) with OSAS were included between 2008 and 2011 from Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital and E.N.T. Department of Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of TCM, who were classified into mild group, moderate group and severe group according to AHI. Cephalometric analyses were carried out before and after the treatment to examine the variation of PNS-R, PNS-UPW, SPP-SPPW, U-MPW, TB-TPPW, V-LPW. All patients underwent polysomnography for twice to evaluate the therapentic effect by AHI at the first visit and after the improvement of subjective symptoms. Results SPP-SPPW, U-MPW, TB-TPPW increased significantly in mild and moderate child patients with OSAS after treatment. AHI decreased significantly in mild and moderate child patients with OSAS after treatment. Conclusion Silensor can enlarge the upper air way, which is positive for child patients with mild or moderate OSAS.

Objective To investigate the stress on maxillary dentition and its periodontal tissue under various anchorage conditions. Methods Use the constructed three-dimensional models of the maxillary dentition, periodontal membrane, alveolar bone and MBT straight wire appliance into ANSYS software, simulate the sliding method for closing the space of exodontias, and investigate the stress condition and displacement of teeth and periodontal tissue under various anchorage conditions. Results Making second maxillary molar as anchorage tooth can decrease nearly two thirds displacement of the first maxillary molar, and microscrew implant can decrease the displacement of the first maxillary molar obviously. Conclusion We can chose appropriate anchorage system for different patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical result of key-way attachment in Abstract：Objective To investigate the clinical results of key-way attachment in fixed restoration of tilted mandibular abutments．Methods We made fixed restoration with key-way attachment in 20 cases in which the second premolar or the first molar in mandible was lost，endodontic and periodontal tissue was normal in the abutments at the two ends of the tooth-loss area, adjacent teeth were tilted in direction of the tooth-loss area，and the comon insert path of insertion couldn't be found after common teeth preparation. Results After 3 years' observation, looseness between the two parts of attachment was found in two cases. 20 cases had good chewing function. Looseness of retainers, abutment looseness, periodontitis，pulpitis or apicitis were not found. Conclusion The fixed restoration with key-way attachment is a good for tilted mandibular abutments．

Objective To refit the existing dental unit water lines with reverse osmosis systems and ultraviolet lamp devices; before and after modification, samples were collected randomly for bacterial culture; investigation of changes of total heterotrophic bacteria in outlet water from dental unit water lines was made. Methods Randomly select five dental units in use, remove the handsets, refit dental unit water lines with reverse osmosis systems at the water intakes; install instantaneous ultraviolet disinfection devices at the water outlets of dental unit water lines in front of the handsets and three-way water syringes. Draw 5 samples randomly before and after modification from mobile interface of each dental unit; take the 50 water samples for bacterial culture; numbers of bacteria were compared. Results Average bacterial colonies of water samples from the handset interfaces of dental units without installation of reverse osmosis systems and ultraviolet devices was 219cfu/ml. Average bacterial colonies of water samples from the handset interfaces of dental units with installation of reverse osmosis systems and ultraviolet devices was 8cfu/ml. Conclusion Dental unit water lines with reverse osmosis systems and uv devices make a remarkable change in water quality, which not only can easily meet the European oral medical water requirements, but also meets domestic Sanity Standard for Drinking Water.

Objective To evaluate the heights of the maxillary anterior alveolar bones with skeleton malocclusion by CBCT.Methods Sixty patients with skeleton malocclusion were divided into 3 groups， with 20 patients in each group: 20 cases with skeleton malocclusionⅠ（group 1 ）, 20 cases with skeleton malocclusionⅡ（group 2）, 20 cases with skeleton malocclusion Ⅲ（group 3）.Collect craniofacial Dicom data by CBCT. The CT images were constructed into 3D models by using medical image processing software Dolphin Imaging 11.0. We surveyed the heights of the maxillary anterior alveolar bones. The measurements were analyzed statistically.Results The heights of the central incisive alveolar bones had no significant differences among the three groups. The heights of alveolar bones between maxillary central incisors and lateral incisors as well as those between maxillary lateral incisors and canine teeth had significant differences between group 1 and group 3, group 2 and group 3.Conclusions In patients with the three kinds of skeleton malocclusion, there is no statistical difference in heights of maxillary anterior alveolar bones in central incisive areas. The heights of the mesial and distal lateral incisive alveolar bones are not the same in patients with the three kinds of skeleton malocclusion.

Abstract Objectives To Discuss the best projection angle which can clearly show all the mandibular first molar root canals so as to provide accurate information for root canal treatment. Methods Chose 245 mandibular first molars who needed root canal therapy and had 4 root canals probed with root canal reamer. After root canal therapy, shoot X-ray conventional cast photos,far offset cast photos respectively,and judge their root filling effects. Angles for shooting teeth were conventional 0°,far offset 30°,far offset 45°respectively.The photos were taken by one technologist. The photos were red by four observers independently,diagnosing numbers of root canals within roots and its treatment situations. Results Proportions of X-ray photos at conventional 0 °,far offset 30°,far offset 45°showing four root canals in mandibular first molars were 36％, 82% and 95％respectively.Far offset X-ray projection was obviously better than conventional projection in showing buccolingual canals（P<0.001）. Conclusions Adopting far offset X-ray projection can show root canal numbers in mandibular first molars and their morphology, and evaluate better the root canal situation after root canal therapy. Key words root canal obturation; X-ray projection; mandibular first molar

Objective To explore clinical features and therapeutic method of periodontal-endodontic-combined lesions, and provide basis for reasonable clinical treatment.Methods Analyze 165 cases with 183 teeth which had periodontal-endodontic-combined lesions, and give corresponding treatment according to the condition of the teeth. Observe clinical efficacy after one year’s follow-up. Results All the 165 cases of periodontal-endodontic-combined lesions with 183 teeth treated were followed up one year after treatment, with 112 teeth markedly effective, 42 improved, and 29 ineffective. The total effective rate was 84.15%. In the 52 teeth whose pulp periapical disease led to the periodontal lesions, 39 were markedly effective and 9 were improved. The effective rate was 92.31%. In the 85 teeth whose periodontal lesions led to pulp disease, 49 were markedly effective and 23 were improved. The effective rate was 84.71%. In the 46 teeth whose periodontal lesions coexisted with pulp disease, 24 were markedly effective, and 10 were improved. The effective rate was 73.91%. Conclusions For treatment of periodontal-endodontic-combined lesions, doctors should take different treatment methods for different types, and take many factors into consideration. Thereinto, comprehensive examination, correct diagnosis, proper treatment and patient compliance all play vital role in a successful treatment.fasdf

Abstract：Objective To explore clinical effects of complete denture with modified jaw position record base on restoration of complicated edentulous patients Methods: 20 cases of edentulous patients with severe alveolar ridge resorption were selected. The record bases were made of light-cured resin base material, which were relined by silicone rubber impression material to obtain stability and retention, to ensure accurate maxillamandibular relationship and definitive impression with well postpalatal seal. Results: 20 complicated full denture cases were treated by modified jaw position record base. 18 cases had a stable denture and chewed well without tenderness. 2 cases had mild tenderness, but thereafter the pain was solved by selective grind. Conclusion: Edentulous patients patients with severe alveolar bone ridge resorption can finally own an ideal complete denture using modified jaw position record base to obtain accurate and stable maxillomandibular relationship and well postpalatally sealed definitive impression.

Abstract: Objective To investigate the occurrence of the sharp injuries in tertiary stomatological hospital, and to provide reference for the prevention, protection, and intervention measures of sharp injuries for medical staffs in Jiangsu Provincial Stomatological Hospital. Methods Stratified random sampling was carried out in medical staffs in Jiangsu Provincial Stomatological Hospital accoding to work types to do questionnaire survey about the incidence of sharp injuries in the last year. Results 167 medical workers were investigated, of which 65.9% had experienced sharp injuries in the past year. The frequency of the injuries was 1.92 times per person per year. 62.3% of the respondents had ever attended related training, and only 23.3% of the injured respondents reported their sharp injuries. In the case of known sources of exposure, the exposure to blood-borned diseases was 7.7%. The nurses were most likely ito suffer from sharp injuries (77.2%). The operating room and supply room were ranked as the highest risk department for sharp injuries. “Operation suture” and “root canal therapy” were the highest risk actions for sharp injuries among doctors, while “needle heads and passing sharp instruments” are most risky for nurses. Conclusion Sharp injuries are common occupational injuries for stomatological staffs. Measures should be taken to reduce the incidence rate of sharp injury like reducing unnecessary medical practices, changing incorrect habits and behaviors, strengthening occupational training, carrying out standard precautions.

Study of effects of oral health behaviors of aged people on the incidence of oral common disease Qin Lifang,LI Jigong, WU Xuelin,WANG Junrong.( Department of Stomatology,Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Haidian District in Beijing City, Beijing 100086,China) [Abstract] Objective To investigate the current statuses of oral health behaviors of aged people and the incidences of oral common diseases,and study effects of oral health behaviors on the incidence of oral common diseases．Methods We used the method of simple random sampling to conduct a survey among 182 aged people in Shuangyushu community, Haidian district, Beijing city on the oral health behaviors. They were divided into good oral health behavior group and poor oral health behavior group. Examine incidences of caries,periodontal disease and tooth defect. Results Caries,periodontal disease and tooth defect were common diseases in aged people in this community, whose incidences were 42.10%,48.24% and 67.54% in the group with good oral health behaviors, while whose incidences were 60.29%, 76.47% and 85.29% in the group with poor oral health behaviors.The incidences in the former group were lower than those in the latter group, and there was statistical difference（P<0.05 in all comparison）. Conclusions It is helpful for control of incidences of oral common diseases to strengthen oral health education and improve oral care ability of aged people in communities.

It was extremely rare of oral mucosal lesions caused by Escherichia coli. A patient with oral mucosa ulcer was reported. Tissue collected from oral mucosa ulcer was cultured and antibiotics sensitivity was tested. It was demonstrated that the ulcerative stomatitis was caused by escherichia coli infection, and the bacterial was sensitive to Imipenem-Cilastation Sodium. After antibiotics treatment, the oral mucosa ulcer got significant remission.

Maxillary canine is the second most commonly impacted tooth after the third molar, which is important both esthetically and functionally. Most maxillary canines vertically or near vertically positioned are easy to be tracted into the dental arch, while horizontally positioned canines are more difficult and time-consuming to treat. We report a case of adult patient with palatally impacted maxillary canine, who was successfully treated by surgical exposure combined with orthodontic traction with self-designed elastic device.