The edentulous posterior maxilla is considered a clinical challenge during dental implant treatment because of its insufficient bone height caused by alveolar ridge absorption and sinus pneumatization. To overcome these problems, a sinus lifting procedure is needed, then the compartment between the sinus membrane and the sinus floor is filled with graft material and blood clots. Today, two main procedures of sinus floor elevation for dental implant placement are in use: a lateral window approach and a crestal approach. The regional anatomy of the maxillary sinus, the preoperative radiography examination, the surgical procedure and so on were described in this article.