乳磨牙根管复杂性的CBCT研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的利用CBCT研究上海地区儿童乳磨牙牙根数目及根管系统解剖形态，为临床诊断提供影像学依据。方法选取167例患者（4～7岁）CBCT扫描图像，测量乳磨牙牙根数目、牙齿长度，分析根管数目和类型，并对相应结果做统计学分析。结果 ①上颌第一乳磨牙牙根中三根占50.30%，双根占47.59%。上颌第二乳磨牙牙根三根检出率99.37%。下颌第一、二乳磨牙牙根以双根居多,分别为91.48%、72.95%。②上颌乳磨牙腭根的牙齿长度较颊根长；下颌第一乳磨牙近、远中根的牙齿长度未见明显差异，下颌第二乳磨牙近中根的牙齿长度较远中根长。③上颌第一乳磨牙根管数目以三根管居多，为97.59%。上颌第二乳磨牙三根管占87.13%，四根管占12.27%。上颌乳磨牙的根管类型为Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型和Ⅳ型，以Ⅰ型居多。④下颌第一乳磨牙中三根管占41.96%（近中根管为双根管的占39.10%，远中根管为双根管的占60.90%），四根管为39.75%，双根管18.30%。下颌第二乳磨牙中多为四根管，占83.28%。下颌乳磨牙的根管类型主要是Ⅰ型和Ⅳ型。结论乳磨牙牙根及根管解剖结构复杂多变、变异率高。上颌第二乳磨牙和下颌第一乳磨牙根管结构变异率较其他牙位高，结合CBCT有利于明确诊断和治疗。

关键词: 乳磨牙, CBCT, 牙齿长度, 根管类型

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the anatomical morphology of root and root canal system of deciduous molars in Shanghai area by using cone-beam computer tomography (CBCT), for better clinical diagnosis. Methods: CBCT images of 167 cases (age from 4 to 7) were selected randomly. To measure the number of roots, teeth-length and to analysis canal configurations statistically. Results:①Three roots accounted for 50.30% and double roots were 47.59% in maxillary first deciduous molar. Three roots of maxillary second deciduous molars were highest (99.37%). The mandibular first and second deciduous molar roots were double roots (91.48%、72.95%). ②Palatal root teeth-length of maxillary primary molars was higher than that of buccal roots. There was no significant difference between mesial and distal root tooth length in mandibular first deciduous molars and the mesial root tooth length was longer than that of distal root in mandibular second deciduous molars. ③The number of root canals in maxillary first deciduous molar were mostly three canals (97.59%). The incidence rate of three and four canals, in maxillary deciduous second molars, were 87.13% and 12.27%. The canal curvature of maxillary deciduous molars had type I, type II, type III and type IV, with type I being the majority. ④ In mandibular first deciduous molars, 41.96% of the cases were found to have three canals, of which 39.10% have two canals in mesial canal and 60.90% have two canals in distal canal, four canals were 39.75%, and double canals were 18.30%. The majority of mandibular second deciduous molars were four canals (83.28%). The canal types in mandibular deciduous molars were mainly type I and type IV. Conclusion: The anatomical structure of canal system is of diversity and complication in deciduous molars. The canal structure variation rate of maxillary second and mandibular first deciduous molars were higher than that of else deciduous molars, with CBCT good for diagnosis.

Key words: Deciduous molars, CBCT, Teeth-length, Root canal type

中图分类号:

R816.98

韦梦瑶李晅胡心怡李冰. 乳磨牙根管复杂性的CBCT研究[J]. 口腔医学, 2021, 41(4): 318-322.

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