拔除前磨牙正畸病例的磨牙支抗丧失及其影响因素

doi:10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.01.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在前突病例的正畸治疗中,拔除前磨牙是一种常见的选择,通过后牙与前牙的相向移动来关闭拔牙间隙。然而,一直以来尚不清楚的问题是:拔除上颌或下颌的前磨牙后,当不借助额外支抗,仅采用颌内交互支抗关闭间隙时,磨牙的“支抗丧失”(即近移量)是多少?笔者检索了大量拔除前磨牙正畸治疗的临床研究,探究了涉及磨牙支抗丧失的相关因素,首次针对拔除前磨牙正畸病例的磨牙支抗丧失进行了文献综述。现有研究探索了年龄、咬合关系、垂直骨面型等生理因素,以及拔牙牙位、矫治器系统、间隙关闭方式等治疗因素对拔除前磨牙正畸病例磨牙支抗丧失的影响,其报道的不同条件下磨牙支抗丧失对于正畸拔牙方案制定、支抗设计等具有一定参考价值。未来仍需更多高质量的临床研究进一步厘清这一重要临床问题。

关键词: 拔除前磨牙, 正畸治疗, 支抗丧失, 磨牙近移, 方案制定

Abstract:

In orthodontic treatment for protrusion, premolar extraction is a common option. The extraction spaces are closed by the reciprocal movement of posterior and anterior teeth. However, the unclear question is, after extracting the first or second premolars in the maxilla or mandible, what amount is the“anchorage loss”(mesial movement)of the molars when the spaces closed using intra-arch reciprocal anchorage only. We reviewed a large number of clinical studies on orthodontic treatment involving the extraction of premolars to investigate the factors related to molar anchorage loss. Existing studies have explored the influence of physiological factors such as age, occlusal relationship, and vertical facial profile, as well as treatment factors such as tooth extraction site, appliance system, and gap closure method on the molar anchorage loss in orthodontic cases involving the extraction of premolars. The reported molar anchorage loss under different conditions has certain reference value for the orthodontic extraction plan making and anchorage design. More high-quality clinical studies are needed to further clarify this important clinical issue in the future.

Key words: premolar extraction, orthodontic treatment, anchorage loss, molar mesialization, treatment planning

中图分类号:

R783.5

周悦, 唐振兴, 李宇. 拔除前磨牙正畸病例的磨牙支抗丧失及其影响因素[J]. 口腔医学, 2025, 45(1): 64-68.

ZHOU Yue, TANG Zhenxing, LI Yu. Molar anchorage loss and its influencing factors in orthodontic cases with premolar extraction[J]. Stomatology, 2025, 45(1): 64-68.

图/表 1

参考文献 41

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