支架材料在牙髓血运重建术中的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以往人们普遍认为，牙髓一旦发生感染坏死是不可能再生的。随着生物科学的发展，牙髓血运重建术为年轻恒牙牙髓再生带来新的可能性，而干细胞、生长因子、支架在其中扮演着重要的角色，特别是支架材料，近来受到愈来愈多的关注。支架材料主要分为天然及人工合成两大类，虽各具特点，但功能不外乎作为一种三维结构的支持物，为大量未分化的间充质干细胞的粘附、增殖和分化提供有利环境。目前应用于临床的支架材料主要是天然材料，以根尖引血、血制品及其衍生物居多；而人工合成材料因其有无毒害、可降解、理化性质可精确控制等特点，也得到了广泛的关注，但目前仍停留在实验研究阶段。本文就牙髓血运重建术中支架材料的分类、特点及优缺点等研究进展作一综述。

关键词: 再生性牙髓治疗, 支架材料, 组织工程

Abstract: It is commonly believed that pulp tissue is unable to regenerate once infection and necrosis take place. Now with the development of science and technology, dental pulp revascularization has brought new possibilities for pulp regeneration of immature permanent teeth. And stem cells, growth factors, and scaffolds all play critical roles in the process, especially scaffold materials, have got more and more attention recently. The scaffolds can be mainly divided into natural and synthetic materials. Though they have different characteristics, they all share the functions of acting as supports for three-dimensional structure and providing favorable environment for adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of stem cells. At present, the scaffolds applied in clinics are mostly natural materials, especially induced bleeding, venous blood, and platelet derivatives. Whereas synthetic materials are still at the research stage, they attract people’s attention by their characteristics of innocuity, good biodegradation, and controllability. This review summarizes the research progress on the classification, features, advantages, and disadvantages of various scaffold materials in the dental pulp revascularization.

Key words: regenerative endodontics treatment, scaffold, tissue engineering

余梦佳姜治伟邓淑丽杨国利. 支架材料在牙髓血运重建术中的研究进展[J]. 口腔医学, 2020, 40(4): 371-375.

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