儿童及青少年不同骨面型颞下颌关节的研究进展

doi:10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2024.06.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

不同矢状向及垂直向的错牙合畸形,其颞下颌关节生长发育及最终的形态呈现不同的特征,不同的骨面型错牙合畸形通过不同的生长发育机制而影响最终颞下颌关节的空间和形态特征,这些机制对于在临床上判断儿童及青少年颌面部错牙合畸形的病因及指导治疗方案有着重要指导意义。本文对于不同矢状向、垂直向错牙合畸形的颞下颌关节窝、髁突的形态差异,以及髁突在关节窝中的相对位置进行了总结分析发现如下。不同骨型的错牙合畸形和颞下颌关节特征存在联系,其中垂直向对颞下颌关节的影响比矢状向明显。垂直向错牙合畸形对颞下颌关节的影响主要体现在关节窝形态和髁突在关节窝中的位置,高角错牙合畸形的关节窝往往比较低平,髁突处于关节窝前上的位置,低角对应的关节窝比较窄而深,髁突在关节窝中位置比较靠后下。并对可能的机制进行了阐述,为临床医生的综合诊治提供了参考意见。

关键词: 儿童, 青少年, 垂直骨面型, 矢状骨面型, 颞下颌关节

Abstract:

Different sagittal and vertical malocclusions exhibit different characteristics in the growth, development, and final morphology of the temporomandibular joint. Different skeletal malocclusions affect the spatial and morphological characteristics of the final temporomandibular joint through different growth and development mechanisms. These mechanisms have important guiding significance for determining the etiology and guiding treatment plans of maxillofacial malocclusion in children and adolescents in clinical practice. This article summarized and analyzed morphological differences of the temporomandibular joint fossa and condyle in different sagittal and vertical malocclusions, as well as the relative position of the condyle in the fossa. It is found that there is a connection between different maxillofacial malocclusions and the characteristics of the temporomandibular joint, with the vertical direction having a more significant impact on the temporomandibular joint than the sagittal direction;the impact of vertical malocclusion on the temporomandibular joint is mainly reflected in the shape of the joint fossa and the position of the condyle in the fossa. The joint fossa of hyperdivergent malocclusion is often relatively low and flat, with the condyle located in the anterior upper position of the fossa. The joint fossa of hypodivergent is relatively narrow and deep, and the condyle is relatively backward and lower in the joint fossa. The possible mechanisms were also elaborated, providing reference for clinicians’ comprehensive diagnosis and treatment.

Key words: children, adolescent, vertical skeletal pattern, sagittal skeletal pattern, temporomandibular joint

中图分类号:

R783.5

王兵, 熊一静, 罗倩, 钟雯怡. 儿童及青少年不同骨面型颞下颌关节的研究进展[J]. 口腔医学, 2024, 44(6): 475-480.

WANG Bing, XIONG Yijing, LUO Qian, ZHONG Wenyi. Research progress of temporomandibular joints of different maxillofacial malocclusions in children and adolescents[J]. Stomatology, 2024, 44(6): 475-480.

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