Abstract: Objective To understand the dental caries status of preschool children aged 3-5 years in Shihezi City, provide the basis for preventing dental decay in children.Methods Using PPS sampling survey method, extraction of 3 kindergartens 3∽5 years old age group, 18 people in each age group of men and women, basic information and tooth crown oral cavity and other professional project survey, the results were statistically analyzed.Results Sampling kindergarten children always suffer from caries rate was 63.47%, three kindergarten children caries rate, the difference of caries were no statistical significance (P>0.05);Three age groups have significant difference of caries rate(P<0.05), with higher caries rate increased with the increase of age, caries were no significant difference (P>0.05);Boys and girls there was no significant difference of caries rate and average (P>0.05).Conclusion Shihezi sampling caries status of children education environment influence is not big, the total risk of caries rate is high, low and serious risk of caries age, should intensify basic oral health knowledge propaganda, improve parents concerned about the early baby teeth, promote the use of fluoride toothpaste, permission in the government, and promote oral fluoride foam caries prevention services, and the suitable water fluoride concentration in shihezi city.concerned about the early baby teeth, promote the use of fluoride toothpaste, permission in the government, and promote oral fluoride foam caries prevention services, and the suitable water fluoride concentration in shihezi city.

Key words: Children, Dental decay, Sampling, Investigation and analysis