口腔种植生物学并发症防治专家共识

doi:10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.11.001

口腔医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (11): 801-807.doi: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.11.001

• 指南与共识 • 下一篇

口腔种植生物学并发症防治专家共识

王兴¹, 王丽萍², 王勤涛³, 束蓉⁴, 轩东英⁵, 吴轶群⁶, 邱立新⁷(), 邹德荣⁸, 宋应亮⁹, 陈江¹⁰, 徐艳¹¹, 章锦才¹²(), 宿玉成¹³, 葛林虎¹⁴^,¹⁵, 谢玉峰^16*

*:专家组作者按姓氏笔画排序。
¹ 北京大学附属口腔医院口腔颌面外科,北京(100081)
² 广州医科大学附属口腔医院口腔种植科,广东广州(510000)
³ 空军军医大学第三附属医院预防科,陕西西安(710032)
⁴ 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院,上海(200011)
⁵ 杭州口腔医院牙周科,浙江杭州(310006)
⁶ 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院种植科,上海(200011)
⁷ 北京大学附属口腔医院第四门诊部,北京(100025)
⁸ 上海交通大学医学院附属第六人民医院口腔种植中心,上海(200233)
⁹ 空军军医大学第三附属医院种植科,陕西西安(710032)
¹⁰ 福建医科大学附属口腔医院种植科,福建福州(350002)
¹¹ 南京医科大学附属口腔医院牙周病科,江苏南京(210029)
¹² 瑞尔集团医务部,北京(100000)
¹³ 中国医学科学院北京协和医院口腔种植中心,北京(100032)
¹⁴ 广州医科大学附属口腔医院,广东广州(510000)
¹⁵ 苏州口腔医院,江苏苏州(215026)
¹⁶ 上海市口腔医院牙周病科,上海(200001)

收稿日期:2025-08-01 出版日期:2025-11-28 发布日期:2025-11-18
通讯作者: 邱立新,章锦才 E-mail:qiulixin@pkuss.bjmu.edu.cn;jincaizhang@live.cn

Expert consensus: Prevention and treatment of dental implant biological complications

WANG Xing¹, WANG Liping², WANG Qintao³, SHU Rong⁴, XUAN Dongying⁵, WU Yiqun⁶, QIU Lixin⁷(), ZOU Derong⁸, SONG Yingliang⁹, CHEN Jiang¹⁰, XU Yan¹¹, ZHANG Jincai¹²(), SU Yucheng¹³, GE Linhu¹⁴^,¹⁵, XIE Yufeng^16*

Received:2025-08-01 Online:2025-11-28 Published:2025-11-18
Contact: QIU Lixin, ZHANG Jincai E-mail:qiulixin@pkuss.bjmu.edu.cn;jincaizhang@live.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

自20世纪60年代Brånemark教授开发出纯钛(99.7%)口腔柱状螺纹种植体并提出骨结合理论以来,口腔种植学在半个多世纪取得了飞速发展,种植体10年以上的长期留存率超过95%。然而种植生物学并发症的发生严重影响种植治疗的长期效果,各项研究报道有关种植生物学并发症的患病率存在较大差异,对种植生物学并发症的定义不同是导致此类数据存在巨大差异的主要原因之一。本专家组总结了近年来国内外的一些主要观点,经专家讨论后达成共识,从广义上可分为早期(修复前)和晚期(修复后)并发症,其中早期生物学并发症包括急慢性感染、疼痛、软组织缺损和种植体骨结合失败等;晚期生物学并发症包括种植体周病(种植体周黏膜炎、种植体周炎)、种植体周软组织缺损和种植体松动及脱落等。专家们对各生物学并发症发生的危险因素、预防措施及治疗原则进行了充分讨论,形成该共识,旨在帮助口腔临床医生重视种植生物学并发症的早期防治、推动种植生物学并发症的相关研究,全面提高我国口腔种植学整体水平。

关键词: 牙种植, 种植牙并发症, 种植牙失败, 种植牙并发症防治

Abstract:

Dental implantology has developed rapidly for over half a century, since pure titanium(99.7%) dental cylindrical threaded implants were exploited and osseointegration was introduced in 1960s by Prof. Brånemark. The long term retention rates of 10 years or more are over 95%. However, the biological complications jeopardize the long term effects of dental implant treatment seriously. The prevalence of dental implant biological complications varies greatly among different reports resulting from the disparities on the definitions of dental implant biological complications. After analyzing and summarizing the major opinions proposed internationally in recent years, the consensus for the definition of dental implant biological complications has been reached. Generally the dental implant biological implications can be classified into early stage(before restoration) biological complications and late stage(after restoration) biological complications. The early stage biological complications include acute and chronic infections, pain, soft tissue deficiency, and osseointegration failure, etc. The late stage complications include peri-implant diseases(peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis), soft tissue deficiency around implant, implant loosening and dropping off, etc. The various risk factors related to different dental implant biological complications, the strategies of the prevention and treatment for the dental implant biological complications have been discussed comprehensively, and the consensus has been reached. It is aimed to advocate the dentist to pay more attention to the early prevention of the biological implant complications, to promote more researches on the implant biological complications, and to help elevate the level of dental implantology in our country.

Key words: dental implant, dental implant complications, dental implant failure, prevention and treatment of dental implant complications

中图分类号:

R783.6

王兴, 王丽萍, 王勤涛, 束蓉, 轩东英, 吴轶群, 邱立新, 邹德荣, 宋应亮, 陈江, 徐艳, 章锦才, 宿玉成, 葛林虎, 谢玉峰. 口腔种植生物学并发症防治专家共识[J]. 口腔医学, 2025, 45(11): 801-807.

WANG Xing, WANG Liping, WANG Qintao, SHU Rong, XUAN Dongying, WU Yiqun, QIU Lixin, ZOU Derong, SONG Yingliang, CHEN Jiang, XU Yan, ZHANG Jincai, SU Yucheng, GE Linhu, XIE Yufeng. Expert consensus: Prevention and treatment of dental implant biological complications[J]. Stomatology, 2025, 45(11): 801-807.

图/表 1

参考文献 60

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