口腔内苦味受体的分布和功能研究进展

doi:10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2024.05.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来的研究显示,苦味受体除了在舌乳头味蕾上表达外,在呼吸、消化、生殖及心血管等非味觉系统均有不同程度的表达,具有识别苦味物质和细菌代谢产物,启动机体免疫反应,维持内环境稳态等作用。口内苦味受体的作用不仅仅是感知苦味,在牙周组织也有表达并具有相应功能,是口腔感染性疾病的潜在治疗靶点。该文总结了口内苦味受体的表达和分布情况,及其在调节口腔炎症和细菌方面的作用;探讨了苦味受体38亚型(TAS2R38)的基因多态性对先天免疫的影响,及其与龋病、牙周病易感性的关系,以期为龋病、牙周病的预防和治疗提供新思路。

关键词: 苦味受体, 口腔, 龋病, 牙周病, 免疫应答

Abstract:

Recent studies have demonstrated that bitter taste receptors are distributed not only in oral cavity but also in non-gustatory systems, such as the respiratory, digestive, reproductive and cardiovascular systems. The physiological role of bitter taste receptors is to recognize bitter substances or bacterial secretions, to trigger the immune response and to maintain the internal environmental homeostasis. In addition, oral bitter taste receptors are expressed not only in taste buds, perceiving bitter taste, but also in many other parts of periodontal tissues, which is the potential treatment target for oral infectious diseases. This review summarized the expression and distribution of oral bitter taste receptors which was off the taste buds and their roles in regulating oral inflammation and oral bacteria, discussed the effects of genetic polymorphism of bitter taste receptor 38 subtype(TAS2R38)on innate immunity and its relationship with the susceptibility of dental caries and periodontal, aimed to provide novel ideas for the better prevention and treatment of dental caries and periodontal diseases.

Key words: bitter taste receptor, oral cavity, dental caries, periodontal disease, immune response

中图分类号:

R339.13

张晓婕, 刘楠, 徐子墨, 张翠, 秦青, 祝康, 任晓勇, 陈敬国. 口腔内苦味受体的分布和功能研究进展[J]. 口腔医学, 2024, 44(5): 391-396.

ZHANG Xiaojie, LIU Nan, XU Zimo, ZHANG Cui, QIN Qing, ZHU Kang, REN Xiaoyong, CHEN Jingguo. Progress of research on distribution and function of bitter taste receptors in oral cavity[J]. Stomatology, 2024, 44(5): 391-396.

图/表 3

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年份	地区		TAS2R38基因分型方法		乳牙列			恒牙列			混合牙列
年份	地区		PCR	PROP	PAV/PAV	AVI/AVI	PAV/AVI	PAV/PAV	AVI/AVI	PAV/AVI	PAV/PAV	AVI/AVI	PAV/AVI
2010^[34]		美国	√		低	高	中	无关			无关
2012^[35]		印度		√	低	高	中	—	—	—	—	—	—
2018^[36]		日本	√		无关			—	—	—	无关
2022^[37]		波兰	√		低	高	中	—	—	—	—	—	—
2022^[38]		泰国	√		—	—	—	无关			—	—	—