口腔医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (9): 649-654.doi: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.09.002

• 基础与临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于解剖部位的口腔颌面部异物取出技术优化与临床经验分析

侯笑茹1,2,3, 邢晓涛1,2,3, 李立峰1,2,3, 崔江涛1,2,3, 虎小毅1,2,3()   

  1. 1 西安交通大学口腔医院,陕西省颅颌面精准医学研究重点实验室,陕西西安(710000)
    2 陕西省牙颌疾病临床研究中心,陕西西安(710000)
    3 西安交通大学口腔医院创伤整形外科,陕西西安(710000)
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-07 出版日期:2025-09-28 发布日期:2025-09-11
  • 通讯作者: 虎小毅 E-mail: doctorhu@xjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(32300981);西安交通大学口腔医院院设科研项目(080173)

Optimization of techniques for foreign body removal in the oral and maxillofacial region based on anatomical sites and analysis of clinical experience

HOU Xiaoru1,2,3, XING Xiaotao1,2,3, LI Lifeng1,2,3, CUI Jiangtao1,2,3, HU Xiaoyi1,2,3()   

  1. Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710000, China
  • Received:2025-01-07 Online:2025-09-28 Published:2025-09-11

摘要:

目的 探讨并总结我院收治的口腔颌面部异物(foreign bodies in oral and maxillofacial region,FBOMR)的部位、临床表现以及治疗方案的选择,为口腔颌面部异物的防治提供经验和临床参考。方法 回顾性分析2022年 5月—2024 年5月于我院住院治疗的17例FBOMR患者资料,总结并分析FBOMR患者的基本信息、异物损伤原因、异物特点、异物取出方法等;比较不同异物损伤患者的治疗方案差异,分析手术时长、并发症及预后随访结果。结果 本研究纳入的17例FBOMR患者,平均年龄为(45.71±18.19)岁,其中男女比例为1∶0.7。病因构成显示:医源性异物10例(58.82%)、职业暴露3例(17.65%)、生活意外4例(23.53%)。异物存留期间继发感染者11例(64.71%)。所有病例均成功实施异物取出术,术式分布为:常规手术11例(64.71%)、计算机导航辅助5例(29.41%)、内镜辅助1例(5.88%)。计算机导航辅助下较常规手术组明显减少手术创伤(P<0.05)。结论 口腔颌面部异物滞留严重威胁患者身心健康,手术干预是临床治疗的金标准。治疗过程中需严格遵循精准三维定位原则,推荐采用计算机辅助导航系统及内镜微创技术,降低损伤风险。

关键词: 口腔颌面部, 异物取出, 计算机导航, 内镜

Abstract:

Objective To explore and summarize the locations, clinical manifestations, and treatment strategies of foreign bodies in the oral and maxillofacial region(FBOMR)among patients treated in our hospital, providing clinical insights and references for the prevention and management of FBOMR. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 17 FBOMR patients hospitalized in our hospital from May 2022 to May 2024. The demographic information, etiology of injury, characteristics of foreign bodies, extraction methods, surgical duration, complications, and follow-up outcomes were analyzed. Differences in treatment strategies among patients with varying injury patterns were compared. Results The average age of the 17 FBOMR patients was (45.71±18.19) years old, with a male to female ratio of 1∶0.7. Etiological analysis revealed: iatrogenic causes(58.82%, 10/17), occupational exposure(23.53%, 4/17), and accidental injuries(17.65%, 3/17). Secondary infections occurred in 64.71%(11/17)of cases during foreign body retention. All cases underwent successful surgical removal, with the following approaches: conventional surgery(64.71%, 11/17), computer navigation-assisted surgery(29.41%, 5/17), and endoscope-assisted surgery(5.88%, 1/17). Compared to the conventional group, computer navigation-assisted surgery significantly reduced intraoperative trauma(P<0.05). Conclusion Retained FBOMR poses serious risks to patients’physical and mental health. Surgical intervention remains the gold standard for clinical management. Precise three-dimensional localization and minimally invasive techniques, such as computer-assisted navigation and endoscopy, are recommended to minimize tissue damage and improve outcomes.

Key words: oral and maxillofacial region, foreign body removal, computer navigation technology, endoscope

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