龈下喷砂治疗牙周炎与种植体周围炎的研究进展

doi:10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.05.011

Abstract

Abstract:

Subgingival air polishing can effectively remove plaque and soft deposits attached to the tooth surface and implant surfaces. It is an adjunctive treatment method for periodontitis and peri-implantitis, offering good cleaning efficiency with minimal damage to the root surface and implant surface. Additionally, it promotes the reattachment of fibroblasts to the root surface and osteoblast integration on the implant surface. Subgingival air polishing can improve clinical attachment levels and also shows better therapeutic effects when combined with flap surgery. It provides higher comfort for patients and lower operational difficulty for the dentist. This article aims to analyze and summarize in vivo and in vitro studies, reviewing the therapeutic progress of subgingival air polishing in the treatment of periodontitis and peri-implantitis.

Key words: subgingival air-polishing, periodontitis, peri-implantitis, glycine, erythritol

CLC Number:

R781.4

XU Shengying, SUN Xulin, HUANG Jiaping, SHI Zhuojin, DING Peihui. Research progress of subgingival air-polishing in the treatment of periodontitis and peri-implantitis[J]. Stomatology, 2025, 45(5): 380-385.

References 53

[1]	Tomasi C, Abrahamsson KH, Apatzidou D. Subgingival instrumentation[EB/OL]. [2025-04-18].https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37162295/.
[2]	Selimović A, Bunæs DF, Lie SA, et al. Non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis with and without erythritol air-polishing a 12-month randomized controlled trial[J]. BMC Oral Health, 2023, 23(1): 240. doi: 10.1186/s12903-023-02973-5 pmid: 37095488
[3]	Chapple ILC, Mealey BL, Van Dyke TE, et al. Periodontal health and gingival diseases and conditions on an intact and a reduced periodontium: Consensus report of workgroup 1 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions[J]. J Periodontol, 2018, 89(Suppl 1): S74-S84.
[4]	Laleman I, Cortellini S, De Winter S, et al. Subgingival debridement: End point, methods and how often?[J]. Periodontol 2000, 2017, 75(1): 189-204. doi: 10.1111/prd.12204 pmid: 28758304
[5]	Alkan İİ, Akkaya HÜ, Sağlam M. The effectiveness of scaling and root planing with combined application of air polishing and Nd: YAG laser in periodontal pockets of stage Ⅲ grade C periodontitis patients: A single-blinded randomized clinical trial[J]. Clin Oral Investig, 2022, 26(8): 5459-5469.
[6]	Petersilka G, Faggion CM Jr, Stratmann U, et al. Effect of Glycine powder air-polishing on the gingiva[J]. J Clin Periodontol, 2008, 35(4): 324-332. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2007.01195.x pmid: 18294230
[7]	Graziani F, Tinto M, Orsolini C, et al. Complications and treatment errors in nonsurgical periodontal therapy[J]. Periodontol 2000, 2023, 92(1): 21-61. doi: 10.1111/prd.12478 pmid: 36591941
[8]	Torfason T, Kiger R, Selvig KA, et al. Clinical improvement of gingival conditions following ultrasonic versus hand instrumentation of periodontal pockets[J]. J Clin Periodontol, 1979, 6(3): 165-176. pmid: 379052
[9]	Berkstein S, Reiff RL, McKinney JF, et al. Supragingival root surface removal during maintenance procedures utilizing an air-powder abrasive system or hand scaling. An in vitro study[J]. J Periodontol, 1987, 58(5): 327-330. pmid: 3295185
[10]	Petersilka GJ. Subgingival air-polishing in the treatment of periodontal biofilm infections[J]. Periodontol 2000, 2011, 55(1): 124-142. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2010.00342.x pmid: 21134232
[11]	Gheorghe DN, Bennardo F, Silaghi M, et al. Subgingival use of air-polishing powders: Status of knowledge: A systematic review[J]. J Clin Med, 2023, 12(21): 6936.
[12]	Pippin DJ, Crooks WE, Barker BF, et al. Effects of an air-powder abrasive device used during periodontal flap surgery in dogs[J]. J Periodontol, 1988, 59(9): 584-588. pmid: 2846817
[13]	Kontturi-Närhi V, Markkanen S, Markkanen H. Effects of airpolishing on dental plaque removal and hard tissues as evaluated by scanning electron microscopy[J]. J Periodontol, 1990, 61(6): 334-338. doi: 10.1902/jop.1990.61.6.334 pmid: 2366141
[14]	Petersilka GJ, Bell M, Mehl A, et al. Root defects following air polishing[J]. J Clin Periodontol, 2003, 30(2): 165-170. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-051x.2003.300204.x pmid: 12622860
[15]	Hägi TT, Klemensberger S, Bereiter R, et al. A biofilm pocket model to evaluate different non-surgical periodontal treatment modalities in terms of biofilm removal and reformation, surface alterations and attachment of periodontal ligament fibroblasts[J]. PLoS One, 2015, 10(6): e0131056.
[16]	夏娇娇, 张晔, 李厚轩. 3种清创方法对模拟维护期治疗的牙周炎患牙根面结构影响的体外研究[J]. 口腔医学研究, 2022, 38(9): 882-886. doi: 10.13701/j.cnki.kqyxyj.2022.09.018
[17]	Jentsch HFR, Flechsig C, Kette B, et al. Adjunctive air-polishing with erythritol in nonsurgical periodontal therapy: A randomized clinical trial[J]. BMC Oral Health, 2020, 20(1): 364. doi: 10.1186/s12903-020-01363-5 pmid: 33372602
[18]	Nascimento GG, Leite FRM, Pennisi PRC, et al. Use of air polishing for supra- and subgingival biofilm removal for treatment of residual periodontal pockets and supportive periodontal care: A systematic review[J]. Clin Oral Investig, 2021, 25(3): 779-795.
[19]	Petersilka G, Heckel R, Koch R, et al. Evaluation of an ex vivo porcine model to investigate the effect of low abrasive airpolishing[J]. Clin Oral Investig, 2018, 22(7): 2669-2673.
[20]	Weusmann J, Deschner J, Imber JC, et al. Cellular effects of Glycine and trehalose air-polishing powders on human gingival fibroblasts in vitro[J]. Clin Oral Investig, 2022, 26(2): 1569-1578.
[21]	Hägi TT, Hofmänner P, Eick S, et al. The effects of erythritol air-polishing powder on microbiologic and clinical outcomes during supportive periodontal therapy: Six-month results of a randomized controlled clinical trial[J]. Quintessence Int, 2015, 46(1): 31-41. doi: 10.3290/j.qi.a32817 pmid: 25262675
[22]	Schlagenhauf U, Hess JV, Stölzel P, et al. Impact of a two-stage subgingival instrumentation scheme involving air polishing on attachment gain after active periodontal therapy[J]. J Periodontol, 2022, 93(10): 1500-1509.
[23]	Mensi M, Caselli E, D’Accolti M, et al. Efficacy of the additional use of subgingival air-polishing with erythritol powder in the treatment of periodontitis patients: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Part Ⅱ: Effect on sub-gingival microbiome[J]. Clin Oral Investig, 2023, 27(6): 2547-2563.
[24]	Abdulbaqi HR, Shaikh MS, Abdulkareem AA, et al. Efficacy of erythritol powder air-polishing in active and supportive periodontal therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Int J Dent Hyg, 2022, 20(1): 62-74.
[25]	Mensi M, Scotti E, Sordillo A, et al. Efficacy of the additional use of subgingival air polishing with erythritol powder in the treatment of periodontitis patients: A randomized controlled clinical trial[J]. Clin Oral Investig, 2021, 25(2): 729-736.
[26]	Kruse AB, Wölki BJ, Woelber JP, et al. Subgingival air polishing with trehalose powder during supportive periodontal therapy: Use of a conical shaped tip during a randomized clinical trial[J]. BMC Oral Health, 2022, 22(1): 70. doi: 10.1186/s12903-022-02109-1 pmid: 35282825
[27]	Tan SL, Grewal GK, Mohamed Nazari NS, et al. Efficacy of air polishing in comparison with hand instruments and/or power-driven instruments in supportive periodontal therapy and implant maintenance: A systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. BMC Oral Health, 2022, 22(1): 85. doi: 10.1186/s12903-022-02120-6 pmid: 35321688
[28]	Sekino S, Ogawa T, Murakashi E, et al. Clinical and microbiological effect of frequent subgingival air polishing on periodontal conditions: A split-mouth randomized controlled trial[J]. Odontology, 2020, 108(4): 688-696. doi: 10.1007/s10266-020-00493-0 pmid: 32072344
[29]	Zhang WY, Wang W, Chu CC, et al. Clinical, inflammatory and microbiological outcomes of full-mouth scaling with adjunctive Glycine powder air-polishing: A randomized trial[J]. J Clin Periodontol, 2021, 48(3): 389-399. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.13400 pmid: 33174234
[30]	Park EJ, Kwon EY, Kim HJ, et al. Clinical and microbiological effects of the supplementary use of an erythritol powder air-polishing device in non-surgical periodontal therapy: A randomized clinical trial[J]. J Periodontal Implant Sci, 2018, 48(5): 295-304.
[31]	Petersilka GJ, Tunkel J, Barakos K, et al. Subgingival plaque removal at interdental sites using a low-abrasive air polishing powder[J]. J Periodontol, 2003, 74(3): 307-311. doi: 10.1902/jop.2003.74.3.307 pmid: 12710749
[32]	Wennström JL, Dahlén G, Ramberg P. Subgingival debridement of periodontal pockets by air polishing in comparison with ultrasonic instrumentation during maintenance therapy[J]. J Clin Periodontol, 2011, 38(9): 820-827. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2011.01751.x pmid: 21736599
[33]	Chang JW, Bi JR, Owen G, et al. Scanning electron microscopic analysis of adherent bacterial biofilms associated with peri-implantitis[J]. Clin Exp Dent Res, 2023, 9(4): 586-595. doi: 10.1002/cre2.741 pmid: 37157917
[34]	Herrmann H, Kern JS, Kern T, et al. Early and mature biofilm on four different dental implant materials: An in vivo human study[J]. Clin Oral Implants Res, 2020, 31(11): 1094-1104.
[35]	Baek SH, Shon WJ, Bae KS, et al. Evaluation of the safety and efficiency of novel metallic ultrasonic scaler tip on titanium surfaces[J]. Clin Oral Implants Res, 2012, 23(11): 1269-1274.
[36]	Ronay V, Merlini A, Attin T, et al. In vitro cleaning potential of three implant debridement methods. Simulation of the non-surgical approach[J]. Clin Oral Implants Res, 2017, 28(2): 151-155.
[37]	Schwarz F, Becker K, Renvert S. Efficacy of air polishing for the non-surgical treatment of peri-implant diseases: A systematic review[J]. J Clin Periodontol, 2015, 42(10): 951-959. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.12454 pmid: 26362615
[38]	Tuchscheerer V, Eickholz P, Dannewitz B, et al. In vitro surgical and non-surgical air-polishing efficacy for implant surface decontamination in three different defect configurations[J]. Clin Oral Investig, 2021, 25(4): 1743-1754.
[39]	Riben-Grundstrom C, Norderyd O, André U, et al. Treatment of peri-implant mucositis using a Glycine powder air-polishing or ultrasonic device: A randomized clinical trial[J]. J Clin Periodontol, 2015, 42(5): 462-469. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.12395 pmid: 25851433
[40]	Drago L, Bortolin M, Taschieri S, et al. Erythritol/chlorhexidine combination reduces microbial biofilm and prevents its formation on titanium surfaces in vitro[J]. J Oral Pathol Med, 2017, 46(8): 625-631.
[41]	Di Tinco R, Bertani G, Pisciotta A, et al. Evaluation of antimicrobial effect of air-polishing treatments and their influence on human dental pulp stem cells seeded on titanium disks[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2021, 22(2): 865.
[42]	Matthes R, Duske K, Kebede TG, et al. Osteoblast growth, after cleaning of biofilm-covered titanium discs with air-polishing and cold plasma[J]. J Clin Periodontol, 2017, 44(6): 672-680. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.12720 pmid: 28303583
[43]	Huang NW, Li Y, Chen HC, et al. The clinical efficacy of powder air-polishing in the non-surgical treatment of peri-implant diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Jpn Dent Sci Rev, 2024, 60: 163-174.
[44]	Schmidt KE, Auschill TM, Sculean A, et al. Clinical evaluation of non-surgical cleaning modalities on titanium dental implants during maintenance care: A 1-year follow-up on prosthodontic superstructures[J]. Clin Oral Investig, 2019, 23(4): 1921-1930.
[45]	Hentenaar DFM, De Waal YCM, Stewart RE, et al. Erythritol air polishing in the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: A randomized controlled trial[J]. Clin Oral Implants Res, 2022, 33(2): 184-196.
[46]	Toma S, Lasserre JF, Taïeb J, et al. Evaluation of an air-abrasive device with amino acid Glycine-powder during surgical treatment of peri-implantitis[J]. Quintessence Int, 2014, 45(3): 209-219. doi: 10.3290/j.qi.a31205 pmid: 24570988
[47]	Aloy-Prósper A, Pellicer-Chover H, Peñarrocha-Oltra D, et al. Effect of a single initial phase of non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: Abrasive air polishing versus ultrasounds. A prospective randomized controlled clinical study[J]. J Clin Exp Dent, 2020, 12(10): e902-e908.
[48]	Bühler J, Amato M, Weiger R, et al. A systematic review on the patient perception of periodontal treatment using air polishing devices[J]. Int J Dent Hyg, 2016, 14(1): 4-14. doi: 10.1111/idh.12119 pmid: 25619863
[49]	Ulvik IM, Sæthre T, Bunæs DF, et al. A 12-month randomized controlled trial evaluating erythritol air-polishing versus curette/ultrasonic debridement of mandibular furcations in supportive periodontal therapy[J]. BMC Oral Health, 2021, 21(1): 38. doi: 10.1186/s12903-021-01397-3 pmid: 33478480
[50]	Delucchi F, Ingegnieros L, Pesce P, et al. Efficacy and safety of erythritol air-polishing in implant dentistry: A systematic review[J]. Int J Dent Hyg, 2025, 23(1): 44-62.
[51]	杨子珍, 任秀云. 甘氨酸喷砂在菌斑控制中的应用[J]. 口腔医学, 2022, 42(7): 641-644.
[52]	Ramanauskaite A, Schwarz F, Cafferata EA, et al. Photo/mechanical and physical implant surface decontamination approaches in conjunction with surgical peri-implantitis treatment: A systematic review[J]. J Clin Periodontol, 2023, 50(Suppl 26): 317-335.
[53]	Clementini M, Fabrizi S, Discepoli N, et al. Evaluation of the adjunctive use of Er: YAG laser or erythritol powder air-polishing in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis: A randomized clinical trial[J]. Clin Oral Implants Res, 2023, 34(11): 1267-1277.

Research progress of subgingival air-polishing in the treatment of periodontitis and peri-implantitis

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References 53

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	GAO Jingping, JIA Linglu, LIANG Hongning, WEN Yong. Arbutin alleviates the inhibitory effect of LPS on osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells through the NF-κB signaling pathway [J]. Stomatology, 2025, 45(5): 347-354.
[2]	CHEN Xu, LI Lu, WANG Xiaoqian, WANG Tianyao, XU Yan. Progress of diagnosis and treatment decisions in stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ periodontitis [J]. Stomatology, 2025, 45(1): 13-17.
[3]	PENG Yan, ZHANG Chi, GAO Li, LI Xiting, ZHAO Chuanjiang. Orthodontic considerations and timing selection for patients with stage Ⅳ periodontitis [J]. Stomatology, 2025, 45(1): 25-36.
[4]	BAO Jiaqi, WANG Zhongxiu, FENG Yimiao, LEI Lihong, CHEN Lili. Management of periodontal hard tissue related complications in orthodontic treatment [J]. Stomatology, 2025, 45(1): 37-44.
[5]	YANG Ze, PAN Yaping. Implant considerations for patients with periodontitis [J]. Stomatology, 2025, 45(1): 8-12.
[6]	ZHU Shasha, TIAN Weidong, GUO Shujuan. Different types of programmed cell death in periodontitis [J]. Stomatology, 2024, 44(8): 624-629.
[7]	ZHANG Zhewei, WANG Jiaohong, WU Wei, DONG Shuo, LI Guoqing, TANG Chunbo. Bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation of ferroptosis in peri-implantitis [J]. Stomatology, 2024, 44(7): 527-535.
[8]	XU Huaxing, WEI Xiaoling. Research progress of the role and application of polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolites in oral diseases [J]. Stomatology, 2024, 44(7): 545-550.
[9]	WANG Yiwei, SHU Rong, XIE Yufeng, QIAN Jielei, LIN Zhikai. A short-time non-randomized controlled clinical study on adjunctive photodynamic therapy in the treatment of peri-implantitis [J]. Stomatology, 2024, 44(6): 414-420.
[10]	LIN Renjie, DAI Anna, WANG Shuhua, DING Peihui. Research progress of the influence of diabetes mellitus on subgingival and salivary flora with periodontitis [J]. Stomatology, 2024, 44(6): 458-461.
[11]	WANG Ke, YOU Jing, LU Wei. Evaluation of the efficacy of selective curettage in endodontic microsurgery [J]. Stomatology, 2024, 44(5): 375-380.
[12]	WANG Xuekui, SUN Yao. Role of neutrophil in periodontitis: An updated review [J]. Stomatology, 2024, 44(4): 292-296.
[13]	XIAO Shimeng, LIU Yi, LI Maoxue, DING Yi. Evaluation of the efficacy of laser-assisted non-surgical treatment of periodontitis with type 2 diabetes mellitus [J]. Stomatology, 2024, 44(3): 161-167.
[14]	ZHANG Zhihao, YANG Yi, WANG Yueqiu, SUN Siyi, CHEN Hong, SHU Fei, LIU Mei. Immune-related genes shared between Crohn's disease and periodontitis and their potential as diagnostic biomarkers [J]. Stomatology, 2024, 44(3): 184-191.
[15]	ZHANG Jiaming, DUAN Yan, WU Yunxia. The role of reactive oxygen species and mitophagy in periodontitis [J]. Stomatology, 2024, 44(3): 237-240.