吸附性义齿修复在全口无牙颌患者中的美学效果及对咀嚼功能和语言功能的影响

doi:10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.02.006

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To explore the aesthetic effect of adsorptive denture restoration on completely edentulous patients and the impact on masticatory function and language function. Methods A study was conducted from June 2020 to June 2023 among 85 completely edentulous patients. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. The routine group (n=43) underwent traditional complete denture restoration, while the observation group (n=42) underwent adsorptive denture restoration. Comparison was made between groups on the success rate of denture restoration, adaptation time, satisfaction with denture restoration, aesthetic effect, masticatory function, language function, retention stability, comfort level, the OHIP-14 scores before restoration and at 6 months after restoration, frequencies of follow-up visits and adjustments, and the incidence of complications. Results Compared with the routine group, the observation group had a significantly higher success rate of one-time denture wearing,significantly shorter adaptation time and significantly higher satisfaction with restoration, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). After restoration, height of the lower face (Sn-Gn) increased significantly, while the midface to lower face ratio (G-Sn/Sn-Gn) and nasolabial angle (Cm-Sn-Ls) decreased significantly in both groups. The changes of Sn-Gn, G-Sn/Sn-Gn and Cm-Sn-Ls in the observation group after restoration were significantly greater(P<0.05). Bite force, masticatory efficiency, language function score, retention stability score and wearing comfort level score of the observation group were significantly higher (P<0.05). After restoration, the scores for physiological function, psychological function and activities of daily living of the two groups decreased significantly. The observation group had significantly lower life quality scores (P<0.05). The frequencies of follow-up visits and adjustments and the total incidence of complications were significantly lower in observation group (P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with traditional complete denture restoration, adsorptive denture restoration can achieve more obvious aesthetic effect on completely edentulous patients, and improve the basic function of dentures more significantly. In addition, adsorptive denture restoration has characteristics of shorter adaptation time, better prognosis and lower risk of complications.

Key words: completely edentulous, adsorptive denture, restoration, aesthetic effect, masticatory function, language function

CLC Number:

R783.4

LI Xiangrong, QIU Jianping, GUO Aijun. Aesthetic effect of adsorptive denture restoration on completely edentulous patients and the impact on masticatory function and language function[J]. Stomatology, 2025, 45(2): 112-117.

Figures/Tables 9

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References 22

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组别	n	性别(n)		义齿修复史(n)		年龄/岁	身体质量指数/ (kg/m²)	牙槽嵴吸收程度(n)		文化程度(n)
组别	n	男	女	有	无	年龄/岁	身体质量指数/ (kg/m²)	Ⅰ~Ⅱ级	Ⅲ~Ⅳ级	初中及以下	初中以上
观察组	42	19	23	35	7	65.31±8.11	22.31±2.61	16	26	28	14
常规组	43	17	26	32	11	66.02±7.87	23.01±2.58	15	28	28	15
χ²/t		0.283		1.012		0.397	1.206	0.095		0.023
P		0.595		0.315		0.692	0.231	0.758		0.880

组别	n	修复成功率n(%)		义齿适应时间/月	修复满意度
组别	n	一次戴牙成功	经过1~3次复诊成功	义齿适应时间/月	修复满意度
观察组	42	24(57.14)	40(95.24)	1.62±0.18	53.02±5.27
常规组	43	15(34.88)	40(93.02)	2.97±0.30	46.07±4.78
χ²/t		4.240	0.188	25.083	6.371
P		0.039	0.664	<0.001	<0.001

组别	n	G-Sn			Sn-Gn
组别	n	修复前	修复后	差值	修复前	修复后	差值
观察组	40	67.03±7.05	67.19±6.95	0.16±0.04	59.64±6.03	69.87±7.14	10.21±1.15
常规组	40	66.89±6.94	67.04±6.78	0.15±0.03	60.03±5.98	65.01±6.62	4.98±0.67
t		0.090	0.098	1.264	0.290	3.157	24.948
P		0.929	0.922	0.210	0.772	0.002	<0.001

组别	Sn-St			St-Gn
组别	修复前	修复后	差值	修复前	修复后	差值
观察组	22.76±2.16	23.04±2.32	0.28±0.09	22.81±2.35	23.17±2.40	0.36±0.09
常规组	23.01±2.30	23.27±2.29	0.26±0.08	23.01±2.29	23.34±2.36	0.33±0.08
t	0.501	0.446	1.050	0.385	0.319	1.576
P	0.618	0.657	0.297	0.701	0.750	0.119

组别	G-Sn/Sn-Gn/%			Cm-Sn-Ls/(°)
组别	修复前	修复后	差值	修复前	修复后	差值
观察组	112.07±12.65	99.32±10.05	-12.75±1.52	120.31±13.05	106.37±10.85	-13.94±1.46
常规组	111.98±11.86	105.01±11.27	-6.97±0.82	119.65±12.89	112.07±12.01	-7.58±0.82
t	0.033	2.383	21.166	0.228	2.227	24.021
P	0.974	0.020	<0.001	0.821	0.029	<0.001

Aesthetic effect of adsorptive denture restoration on completely edentulous patients and the impact on masticatory function and language function

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组别	咬合力(bs)	咀嚼效率(AU)	语言功能评分	固位稳定性评分	佩戴舒适性评分
观察组	147.05±15.06	0.571±0.070	87.65±9.02	90.01±9.04	89.64±9.03
常规组	129.32±13.87	0.360±0.060	78.03±8.04	82.64±8.37	79.02±8.11
t	5.477	14.474	5.035	3.783	5.534
P	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001

组别	修复前	修复后	差值
观察组	16.32±1.65	9.01±1.36	-7.31±0.78
常规组	15.97±1.59	11.04±1.20	-4.93±0.45
t	0.966	7.079	16.716
P	0.337	<0.001	<0.001

组别	复诊次数 ($\bar{x}±s$)	调改次数 ($\bar{x}±s$)	并发症
组别	复诊次数 ($\bar{x}±s$)	调改次数 ($\bar{x}±s$)	口腔溃疡n(%)	黏膜痛n(%)	义齿性口炎n(%)	合计n(%)
观察组	3.21±0.35	2.01±0.20	1(2.50)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	1(2.50)
常规组	6.95±0.51	4.06±0.44	3(7.50)	3(7.50)	2(5.00)	8(20.00)
t/连续校正χ²	38.241	26.825	0.263	1.385	0.513	4.507
P	<0.001	<0.001	0.608	0.239	0.474	0.034

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组别	生理功能评分			心理功能评分
组别	修复前	修复后	差值	修复前	修复后	差值
观察组	12.03±1.39	7.23±0.76	-4.80±0.42	15.05±1.63	9.05±1.02	-6.00±0.72
常规组	11.93±1.46	9.06±0.98	-2.87±0.27	14.89±1.52	12.02±1.35	-2.87±0.25
t	0.314	9.333	24.447	0.454	11.102	25.973
P	0.755	<0.001	<0.001	0.651	<0.001	<0.001