种植体周游离龈移植术后收缩影响因素的研究进展

doi:10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.10.011

Abstract

Abstract:

Sufficient keratinized mucosa is important for ensuring the long-term stability and aesthetics of dental implants. How to effectively augment the soft tissue volume at sites with insufficient keratinized mucosa width (KMW) has gradually become a hot research topic for current scholars. Apically positioned flap (APF) with free gingival graft (FGG) is recognized as the approach of choice for peri-implant keratinized mucosal augmentation, but the postoperative shrinkage and its influencing factors are not completely clear. The objective of this review is to explain the significance of keratinized mucosa to peri-implant tissue health, analyze the relevant factors affecting postoperative contraction of free gingival grafts, and finally propose a risk factor assessment table for postoperative shrinkage of FGG, with the aim of providing clinicians with a scientific and effective strategy for peri-implant soft tissue management.

Key words: dental implant, keratinized mucosa width, soft tissue augmentation, free gingival graft, shrinkage rate

CLC Number:

R783.4

BAO Siqi, CHEN Long, NI Jie, SI Misi. Research progress of factors affecting postoperative contraction of peri-implant free gingival grafts[J]. Stomatology, 2025, 45(10): 783-788.

Figures/Tables 1

References 60

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风险因素	低风险	中风险	高风险
移植时机^a	种植前;组织整合期	Ⅱ期同期	修复后
局部解剖因素^b
邻牙附着龈宽度/mm	≥3	1~3	≤1
前庭沟底位置	远离牙槽嵴顶	—	邻近牙槽嵴顶
牙槽嵴高度降低	无明显降低	<3 mm	≥3 mm
缺牙部位	前牙区	前磨牙区、上颌磨牙区	下颌磨牙区
缺牙间隙大小	1个牙位	2个牙位	>2个牙位
是否游离端	否	—	是
移植物的尺寸^c
厚度/mm	1~1.5	—	<0.75 或 >2
大小/mm²	<100	100~150	>150
吸烟习惯^c	不吸烟	少量吸烟(≤10 支/d)	大量吸烟(>10支/d)

Research progress of factors affecting postoperative contraction of peri-implant free gingival grafts

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