低水平激光通过线粒体自噬通路促进正畸牙移动的作用研究

doi:10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2026.03.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探究低水平激光治疗(low-level laser therapy,LLLT)对正畸牙齿移动速度的影响及机制。方法构建大鼠牙移动与低水平激光治疗模型,通过Micro-CT比较LLLT辅助正畸加力组(F⁺L⁺组)大鼠与单纯正畸加力组(F⁺L^-组)大鼠第一磨牙近中移动距离。构建THP-1细胞压力与激光照射模型,通过mRNA测序分析F⁺L⁺组和F⁺L^-组THP-1细胞的差异表达基因并进行富集分析,并通过qRT-PCR、蛋白免疫印迹实验测定通路相关基因及标志物的表达变化。结果 F⁺L⁺组大鼠上颌第一磨牙近中移动距离比F⁺L^-组显著增加(P<0.05);F⁺L⁺组THP-1相较F⁺L^-组THP-1差异基因显著富集于线粒体自噬通路,qRT-PCR及蛋白免疫印迹实验验证F⁺L⁺组THP-1的线粒体自噬相关基因OPTN、SQSTM1表达水平较F⁺L^-组THP-1降低,同时其线粒体自噬通路关键标志物PINK1/Parkin也下降。结论低水平激光治疗可能通过抑制线粒体自噬通路加速正畸牙移动。

关键词: 低水平激光治疗, 正畸, 牙齿移动, 线粒体自噬

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in rats and its underlying mechanism. Methods An OTM rat model, which was combined with LLLT, was established. The mesial movement distance of the maxillary first molars was compared between the force-applied with LLLT group (F⁺L⁺ group) and the force-applied only group (F⁺L^- group) using micro-CT analysis. A cellular stress model was constructed using THP-1 cells subjected to compressive force and laser irradiation. mRNA sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between force-applied with laser irradiation THP-1 cells and force-applied only cells, followed by functional enrichment analysis. The expression changes of pathway-related genes and markers were further validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. Results The mesial movement distance of the maxillary first molars was significantly greater in the F⁺L⁺ group compared to the F⁺L^- group (P<0.05). DEG analysis revealed significant enrichment in the mitophagy pathway in the F⁺L⁺ THP-1 cells versus the F⁺L^- cells. qRT-PCR and Western blot confirmed that the expression levels of the mitophagy-related genes OPTN and SQSTM1, whose products are key adaptors in the process, were decreased in the F⁺L⁺ cells. Concurrently, the key mitophagy initiators PINK1 and Parkin were also downregulated. Conclusion LLLT effectively accelerates OTM in rats. This acceleratory effect may be mediated through the inhibition of the mitophagy pathway.

Key words: low-level laser therapy (LLLT), orthodontics, tooth movement, mitophagy

中图分类号:

R783.5

王潇辰, 林君彦, 郭培培, 张蕊, 李丹丹. 低水平激光通过线粒体自噬通路促进正畸牙移动的作用研究[J]. 口腔医学, 2026, 46(3): 181-188.

WANG Xiaochen, LIN Junyan, GUO Peipei, ZHANG Rui, LI Dandan. Effect of low-level laser therapy on orthodontic tooth movement via the mitophagy pathway[J]. Stomatology, 2026, 46(3): 181-188.

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基因名称	引物序列
SQSTM1	F:5'-GACTACGACTTGTGTAGCGTC-3',R:5'-AGTGTCCGTGTTTCACCTTCC-3'
SRC	F:5'-GAGCGGCTCCAGATTGTCAA-3',R:5'-CTGGGGATGTAGCCTGTCTGT-3'
TFEB	F:5'-ACCTGTCCGAGACCTATGGG-3',R:5'-CGTCCAGACGCATAATGTTGTC-3'
GABARAPL1	F:5'-ATGAAGTTCCAGTACAAGGAGGA-3',R:5'-GCTTTTGGAGCCTTCTCTACAAT-3'
HIF1A	F:5'-GAACGTCGAAAAGAAAAGTCTCG-3',R:5'-CCTTATCAAGATGCGAACTCACA-3'
OPTN	F:5'-AAAGAGCGTCTAATGGCCTTG-3',R:5'-GTTCAGACACGATGCCCAACA-3'
RELA	F:5'-ATGTGGAGATCATTGAGCAGC-3',R:5'-CCTGGTCCTGTGTAGCCATT-3'