植物乳杆菌漱口水防龋效果的初步研究

doi:10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.11.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨植物乳杆菌漱口水对离体牙龋病进展的抑制效果。方法人离体牙置于变异链球菌液中培养,分别用生理盐水、商用漱口水、植物乳杆菌漱口水处理,持续28 d。用光学显微镜、扫描电镜观察牙齿变化并评价各组液体对龋病进展的抑制作用。结果植物乳杆菌对龋病发展具有抑制作用,其在窝沟龋深层龋损控制方面效果显著,平滑面龋防龋效果与商用漱口水相近。在电子显微镜下观察牙本质小管的钙质流失情况发现:植物乳杆菌组低于商用组和生理盐水组。结论植物乳杆菌漱口水能抑制变异链球菌,可有效防治龋病,尤其在窝沟龋深层进展抑制方面表现良好。

关键词: 乳杆菌, 龋病, 变异链球菌, 漱口水, 扫描电镜

Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus plantarum mouthwash on the progression of caries in isolated teeth. Methods Human isolated teeth were infected with Streptococcus mutans solution, and treated with saline, commercial mouthwash, and Lactobacillus plantarum mouthwash, respectively, for 28 days. Tooth changes were recorded to assess their inhibitory effect on caries progression by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Results Lactobacillus plantarum had an inhibitory effect on caries progression,with significant effects on deep dentinal caries in pit and fissure, and similar efficacy to commercial mouthwash on smooth surface caries. Calcium loss in dentin tubules was observed under an electron microscope, with Lactobacillus plantarum group less than commercial group and saline group. Conclusion Lactobacillus plantarum mouthwash can inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans and effectively prevent caries, particularly in controlling the progression of deep pit and fissure caries.

Key words: Lactobacillus plantarum, caries, Streptococcus mutans, mouthwash, scanning electron microscopy

中图分类号:

R781.1

朱晗, 方湲锴, 曹海涛, 吴戎, 裘迪红. 植物乳杆菌漱口水防龋效果的初步研究[J]. 口腔医学, 2025, 45(11): 849-853.

ZHU Han, FANG Yuankai, CAO Haitao, WU Rong, QIU Dihong. Preliminary research on the anti-caries effect of Lactobacillus plantarum mouthwash[J]. Stomatology, 2025, 45(11): 849-853.

图/表 6

表1

表2

图1

图2

图3

图4

参考文献 25

[1]	Sela MN, Steinberg D, Segal R. Inhibition of the activity of glucosyltransferase from Streptococcus mutans by glycyrrhizin[J]. Oral Microbiol Immunol, 1987, 2(3): 125-128. doi: 10.1111/omi.1987.2.issue-3
[2]	陆艺峰, 戴振刚. 益生菌牙膏与抗菌测试[J]. 口腔护理用品工业, 2019, 29(5): 17-19.
[3]	Kakkar M, Barmak AB, Arany S. Anticholinergic medication and dental caries status in middle-aged xerostomia patients-a retrospective study[J]. J Dent Sci, 2022, 17(3): 1206-1211. doi: 10.1016/j.jds.2021.12.014 pmid: 35784170
[4]	Rugg-Gunn A. Dental caries: Strategies to control this preventable disease[J]. Acta Med Acad, 2013, 42(2): 117-130. doi: 10.5644/ama2006-124.80 pmid: 24308392
[5]	陈冬茹, 林焕彩. 变异链球菌致龋机制研究新进展[J]. 四川大学学报(医学版), 2022, 53(2): 208-213.
[6]	王月月, 白国辉, 张绍伟. 自制漱口液对大鼠创伤性溃疡的作用研究[J]. 新疆医学, 2021, 51(1): 30-32,36.
[7]	王月月. 新型漱口液对SD大鼠龋病和牙龈炎的疗效分析[D]. 遵义: 遵义医科大学, 2021.
[8]	Chen LL, Ren Z, Zhou XD, et al. Inhibition of Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation, extracellular polysaccharide production, and virulence by an oxazole derivative[J]. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 2016, 100(2): 857-867. doi: 10.1007/s00253-015-7092-1
[9]	Ghasempour M, Rajabnia R, Ashrafpour M, et al. Effect of milk and yogurt on Streptococcus sobrinus counts and caries score in rats[J]. Dent Res J(Isfahan), 2015, 12(6): 569-573.
[10]	李春, 李艳红, 刘娟. 益生菌在儿童龋病防治中的应用[J]. 口腔疾病防治, 2016, 24(9): 558-560. doi: 10.12016/j.issn.2096-1456.2016.09.013
[11]	Jin J. Screening and interventions to prevent dental caries in young children[J]. JAMA, 2021, 326(21): 2223. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.21302 pmid: 34874417
[12]	Capurso L. Thirty years of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG: A review[J]. J Clin Gastroenterol, 2019, 53(Suppl 1): S1-S41.
[13]	Zeng Y, Fadaak A, Alomeir N, et al. Lactobacillus plantarum disrupts S. mutans-C. albicans cross-Kingdom biofilms[J]. Front Cell Infect Microbiol, 2022, 12: 872012. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.872012
[14]	Srivastava N, Ellepola K, Venkiteswaran N, et al. Lactobacillus plantarum 108 inhibits Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans mixed-species biofilm formation[J]. Antibiotics(Basel), 2020, 9(8): 478.
[15]	Jang HJ, Kim JH, Lee NK, et al. Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum Ln4 showing antimicrobial and antibiofilm effect against Streptococcus mutans KCTC 5124 causing dental caries[J]. J Microbiol Biotechnol, 2024, 34(1): 116-122. doi: 10.4014/jmb.2306.06001
[16]	陈卫, 房思炼, 姚成林. 生活干预对放射性龋病的影响[J]. 中国临床研究, 2014, 27(8): 982-983.
[17]	Ishikawa H, Aiba YJ, Nakanishi M, et al. Suppression of periodontal pathogenic bacteria in the saliva of humans by the administration of Lactobacillus salivarius TI2711[J]. J Jpn Soc Periodontol, 2003, 45(1): 105-112. doi: 10.2329/perio.45.105
[18]	郭夏蕾, 张健, 杨贞耐. 植物乳杆菌耐受口腔不良环境及其抑菌特性研究[J]. 食品工业科技, 2017, 38(2): 215-220.
[19]	郭夏蕾, 张健, 杨贞耐. 抑制口腔变异链球菌的乳酸菌筛选及其抑菌机理[J]. 食品科学, 2016, 37(19): 117-122. doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201619020
[20]	汪海涛, 汤纯, 闵祥博, 等. 植物乳杆菌HCS03-001对龋病防治作用研究[J]. 中国乳品工业, 2023, 51(8): 20-24.
[21]	卢燕, 李秋艳, 李茹芳, 等. 紫地榆不同提取物体内防龋研究[J]. 大理大学学报, 2018, 3(12): 49-52.
[22]	高敬, 黄文明. 变异链球菌耐酸毒力因子质子移位膜ATP酶在龋病进展中的动态变化[J]. 华西口腔医学杂志, 2016, 34(2): 200-204.
[23]	谢雪洁. 苦参提取物防龋作用的动物实验研究[D]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆医科大学, 2022.
[24]	张秋香, 黄银, 姚沛琳, 等. 植物乳杆菌FB-T9抑制变异链球菌及其生物膜形成的研究[J]. 食品与生物技术学报, 2019, 38(9):17-26.
[25]	秦苏佳, 徐晚晴, 张秋香, 等. 植物乳杆菌CCFM8724对致龋双菌生物膜的抑制作用[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2020, 46(13):127-132. doi: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.023436

龋损部位	A				B				C				D
龋损部位	A1	A2	A3	A4	B1	B2	B3	B4	C1	C2	C3	C4	D1	D2	D3	D4
颊面	2	2	2	2	4	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	6	4	4	4
舌面	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	6	4	4	4
邻面	2	2	1	1	6	2	2	4	4	3	2	5	8	8	8	8

分组	计分
分组	E	Ds	Dm	Dx
阳性对照组	17.20±8.92	12.39±3.86	8.51±7.01	4.01±3.38
阴性对照组	6.82±6.54	5.21±4.63	3.27±3.28	1.26±2.52
实验组	7.89±4.13	4.01±2.42	1.58±0.98	0.23±0.46
空白组	4.75±4.18	0	0	0