基于3dMD的正畸治疗后成人面部软组织变化的研究

doi:10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2026.04.008

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To qualitatively and quantitatively assess the three-dimensional changes in facial soft tissues in non-extraction adult orthodontic patients before and after treatmentusing 3dMD technology. The study systematically analyzes the trends of facial landmark changes and investigates the patterns of soft tissue variation in different facial regions. Methods The study included 52 non-extraction adult orthodontic patients(treatment group) and 17 untreated adults(control group). For the treatment group, 3D facial images were captured using the 3dMD system before treatment(T0) and after treatment(T1). 3D facial images of the control group were obtained at a one-year interval. The image data were imported into Geomagic Wrap software for registration. Absolute color maps were generated for qualitative analysis of 3D changes across facial regions. Additionally, 26 soft tissue landmarks were selected for quantitative analysis to compare differences within and between the two groups. Results The facial soft tissue changes in the treatment group before and after orthodontic treatment were symmetrical. After treatment, the overall facial profile exhibited a trend of retraction or posterior displacement, with the temporal, mandibular angle, and oral commissure regions showing more pronounced alterations. Quantitative analysis revealed statistically significant negative changes at the FT,Go' and Ch relative to the G' (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the changes at the FT and Go' showed significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion Non-extraction orthodontic treatment in adult patients does not compromise bilateral facial symmetry. However, it may lead to a reduction in soft tissue fullness in the temporal and mandibular angle regions. Therefore, comprehensive communication with patients prior to treatment is essential to guide them in establishing realistic therapeutic expectations.

Key words: orthodontic treatment, facial soft tissue changes, three-dimensional imaging, adult, non-extraction treatment

CLC Number:

R783.5

ZHONG Yue, LYU Dan, ZHANG Yiyin, HUANG Ziming, ZHANG Yuan, XIE Lizhe, QIAN Yajing. Facial soft tissue changes in adults after orthodontic treatment based on 3dMD technology[J]. Stomatology, 2026, 46(4): 283-288.

Figures/Tables 8

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References 27

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软组织标志点	定义
发际点,Tr	解剖前额的最上点
临床前额中心点,FFA	发际点和眉间点的中点
额颞点,FT	外眦点斜向上45°与发际线的交点
眉间点,G'	两眉弓间正中矢状面上的最凸点
软组织鼻根点,N'	软组织侧面上相应的鼻根点
内眦点,En	内眼角区域的最前点
外眦点,Ex	外眼角区域的最后点
软组织眶点,Or'	眶下缘最低点对应的软组织标志点
颧骨前点,Zp	正面观颧部最向前、向外突出点
耳屏点,T	外耳道前方耳屏软骨上缘起始部
上唇突点,UL	上唇的最突点
下唇突点,LL	下唇的最突点
口角点,Ch	上下唇两侧方的联合处
软组织颏前点,Pos	颏部的最突点
软组织颏下点,Mes	颏部的最下点
下颌角点,Go'	下颌角软组织转折点
下颌下缘中点,Mn'	下颌角点与软组织颏下点的中点

项目	分类	治疗组 (n=52)	对照组 (n=17)
性别	男性	12(23.1)	4(23.5)
	女性	40(76.9)	13(76.5)
年龄组	18~25岁	34(65.4)	12(70.6)
	26~35岁	18(34.6)	5(29.4)
观察时间	1~2年(含2年)	28(53.8)	17(100)
	2~4年	24(46.2)	0(0)
拔除第三磨牙情况	不拔第三磨牙	35(67.3)	15(88.2)
	拔除第三磨牙	17(32.7)	2(11.8)

软组织标志点		治疗组(T1-T0)				P		对照组(T1'-T0')				P
软组织标志点		右侧		左侧		P		右侧		左侧		P
额颞点	-0.66±0.96		-0.81±1.10		0.144		0.09±0.35		0.20±0.33		0.275
内眦点	-0.05±0.40		-0.08±0.50		0.643		0.17±0.31		0.14±0.33		0.712
外眦点	0.15±0.58		0.04±0.84		0.403		0.14±0.32		0.16±0.37		0.862
软组织眶点	-0.05±0.50		-0.12±0.52		0.383		-0.03±0.43		0.06±0.45		0.344
颧骨前点	-0.03±0.77		-0.11±0.75		0.204		0.12±0.34		0.20±0.43		0.513
耳屏点	0.01±0.75		-0.15±0.81		0.163		0.10±0.45		0.22±0.29		0.167
口角点	-0.41±1.30		-0.47±1.30		0.668		0.08±0.29		-0.02±0.37		0.357
下颌角点	-0.50±1.20		-0.58±1.30		0.475		0.15±0.90		-0.02±1.20		0.344
下颌下缘中点	0.20±0.88		0.06±0.98		0.181		0.17±0.57		0.21±0.77		0.699

软组织标志点		治疗组								组间P
软组织标志点		变化量(T1-T0)		P		变化量(T1'-T0')		P		组间P
眉间点	0.00±0.45		—		0.00±0.32		—		0.960
发际点	0.13±0.67		0.196		-0.10±0.40		0.303		0.174
临床前额中心点	-0.02±0.50		0.768		-0.15±0.41		0.080		0.327
额颞点	-0.66±0.96		<0.001^*		0.09±0.35		0.538		0.003^#
软组织鼻根点	-0.06±0.54		0.389		-0.14±0.40		0.210		0.584
内眦点	-0.05±0.40		0.480		0.17±0.31		0.062		0.051
外眦点	0.15±0.58		0.137		0.14±0.32		0.224		0.767
软组织眶点	-0.05±0.50		0.512		-0.03±0.43		0.805		0.664
颧骨前点	-0.03±0.77		0.797		0.12±0.34		0.339		0.422
耳屏点	0.01±0.75		0.941		0.10±0.45		0.435		0.380
上唇突点	-0.31±1.30		0.111		-0.14±0.33		0.064		0.694
下唇突点	0.08±1.60		0.749		-0.20±0.57		0.109		0.478
口角点	-0.41±1.30		0.037^*		0.08±0.29		0.433		0.136
软组织颏前点	0.12±1.60		0.623		-0.22±0.44		0.053		0.404
软组织颏下点	0.06±1.30		0.882		0.04±0.65		0.824		0.943
下颌角点	-0.50±1.20		0.016^*		0.15±0.90		0.545		0.042^#
下颌下缘中点	0.20±0.88		0.189		0.17±0.57		0.342		0.871

软组织标志点	治疗1~2年组	治疗2~4年组	P
眉间点	-0.09±0.51	0.07±0.46	0.243
发际点	0.08±0.76	0.20±0.56	0.185
临床前额中心点	-0.05±0.46	0.03±0.54	0.549
额颞点	-0.42±1.03	-0.95±0.82	0.047^*
软组织鼻根点	-0.16±0.55	0.05±0.53	0.348
内眦点	-0.04±0.40	-0.06±0.41	0.862
外眦点	0.11±0.52	0.19±0.65	0.631
软组织眶点	-0.11±0.45	0.03±0.54	0.591
颧骨前点	0.13±0.73	-0.22±0.78	0.156
耳屏点	0.22±0.73	-0.23±0.71	0.065
上唇突点	-0.02±1.36	-0.65±1.16	0.082
下唇突点	0.63±1.30	-0.56±1.67	0.006^*
口角点	-0.15±1.28	-0.71±1.30	0.127
软组织颏前点	0.18±1.87	0.05±1.32	0.772
软组织颏下点	0.06±1.53	0.07±1.13	0.710
下颌角点	-0.13±1.14	-0.92±1.23	0.019^*
下颌下缘中点	0.48±0.85	-0.12±0.81	0.014^*

Facial soft tissue changes in adults after orthodontic treatment based on 3dMD technology

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