糖皮质激素在口腔黏膜病中的应用现状

doi:10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.09.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

糖皮质激素有较强的抗炎和免疫抑制作用,是临床上口腔黏膜病治疗的常用药物。糖皮质激素发挥作用的机制多种多样,主要包括基因组效应和非基因组效应两大类,人体中几乎所有细胞都有糖皮质激素受体,因此都会受到糖皮质激素的影响。糖皮质激素的疗效明显,但长期或大量应用会产生多种不良反应。因此,了解糖皮质激素的作用机制和不良反应,掌握糖皮质激素在口腔黏膜疾病中应用的适应证及用量,在口腔黏膜疾病的诊疗中正确、合理地应用糖皮质激素,同时注意监测用药后的不良反应并及时处理,保障患者的用药安全,至关重要。

关键词: 糖皮质激素, 口腔黏膜病, 作用机制, 疗效, 不良反应

Abstract:

Glucocorticoids possess potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties, rendering them a common therapeutic option for oral mucosal diseases. The mechanisms of glucocorticoid action are diverse, encompassing both genomic and non-genomic effects. Given the ubiquitous presence of glucocorticoid receptors in nearly all human cells, their impact is widespread. While the efficacy of glucocorticoids is evident, prolonged or high-dose administration can lead to various adverse effects. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the mechanism of action and adverse reactions of glucocorticoids, master the indications and dosage of glucocorticoids in the treatment of oral mucosal diseases, and apply glucocorticoids correctly and reasonably in the diagnosis and treatment of oral mucosal diseases. At the same time, it is important to monitor the adverse reactions after medication and deal with them timely to ensure the safety of medication for patients.

Key words: glucocorticoids, oral mucosal diseases, action mechanism, efficacy, adverse reactions

中图分类号:

R781.5

应敏倩, 李恺悦, 刘传霞. 糖皮质激素在口腔黏膜病中的应用现状[J]. 口腔医学, 2025, 45(9): 713-720.

YING Minqian, LI Kaiyue, LIU Chuanxia. Application of glucocorticoids in oral mucosal diseases[J]. Stomatology, 2025, 45(9): 713-720.

图/表 1

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