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Clinical study on nitrous oxide sedation in children oral treatment YU Shaoling, LI Heng, XING Xianghui Stomatology    2025, 45 (12): 923-926.   DOI: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.12.008 Abstract （1761）   HTML （1）    PDF （775KB）（41）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To analyze the efficacy of nitrous oxide/oxygen (N2O/O2) inhalation sedation in the root canal treatment of deciduous teeth in children with dental phobia, and explore the feasibility of refined drug delivery. Methods Thirty-seven patients who needed root canal treatment in pediatric dentistry were randomly selected, and the degree of dental fear was evaluated using the Frankl Behavior Scale before surgery. N2O/O2 sedation was used to assist in oral treatment. The compliance of the child with treatment was evaluated using the Houpt Behavior Scale after surgery and postoperative assessment was conducted. Results Twenty-five children in the mild to moderate fear group successfully completed oral treatment, with a success rate of 100%. There were 12 children in the severe fear group, and 10 of them successfully completed treatment, with a success rate of 83.3%. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P=0.099). The maintenance concentration and maximum concentration of N2O during surgery were significantly lower in the mild to moderate dental phobia group compared to the severe phobia group (P<0.05). Conclusion The oral treatment effect of N2O/O2 inhalation sedation is better in children with mild to moderate dental phobia. Preoperative assessment of anxiety status in pediatric patients can help to select N2O concentration during treatment, achieving the goal of precise administration. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of machine learning in the restoration of dentition defects YUAN Xinxi, XIA Yekang, WANG Han, HU Jian, LIU Laikui, LIANG Weiwei Stomatology    2025, 45 (9): 707-712.   DOI: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.09.012 Abstract （1123）   HTML （3）    PDF （918KB）（1016）       Knowledge map    Save Machine learning, as a core branch of artificial intelligence, has gradually demonstrated significant potential in the field of dentition defect repair in recent years. By employing techniques such as data mining and pattern recognition, machine learning has been applied in various aspects including oral implant restoration, fixed bridge design, and fabrication of removable partial dentures. This paper seeks to provide a comprehensive review of machine learning applications within the aforementioned three aspects. It endeavors to assess the current developmental landscape and chart a course for future investigative endeavors, in hopes of offering a reference for research on machine learning in prosthodontics. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical effect evaluation of Er:YAG and Nd:YAG dual-wavelength laser assisted non-surgical treatment for smoking periodontitis patients SAI Yuntao, WANG Zhi, GENG Chun, ZHAO Ning, ZHU Chao Stomatology    2025, 45 (12): 914-918.   DOI: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.12.006 Abstract （1069）   HTML （1）    PDF （818KB）（67）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To explore and compare the clinical effects of Er: YAG laser combined with Nd: YAG laser assisted non-surgical treatment of smoking and non-smoking patients with Stage Ⅲ Grade C periodontitis. Methods A total of 52 patients with Stage Ⅲ Grade C periodontitis who visited the Periodontology Department of Linyi People’s Hospital from March 2023 to May 2024 were selected. A total of 208 teeth were collected. The subjects were divided into four groups: smoker control group (SP group), smoker experimental group (ST group), non-smoker control group (NSP group), non-smoker experimental group (NST group). The control groups were treated with subgingival scaling and root planing, while the experimental groups were treated with Er: YAG laser combined with Nd: YAG laser assisted therapy on the basis of subgingival scaling and root planing. The plaque index (PLI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD) and attachment loss (AL) were recorded at baseline, 1 month, and 6 months after treatment. Three hours after treatment, each patient used the visual analogue scale (VAS) to assess the level of discomfort experienced during the treatments. Results After 1 and 6 months of treatment, all periodontal indices were significantly reduced compared to those before treatment (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in PLI, GI changes among the groups (P>0.05). The PD and AL in the ST group and NST group were significantly lower than those in the SP group and NSP group, respectively (P<0.05), and the PD and AL in the NSP group and NST group were significantly lower than those in the SP group and ST group, respectively (P<0.05). After 3 h of treatment, there was no significant difference in VAS scores among the groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Erbium-neodymium dual-wavelength laser can serve as an adjunctive method for the basic treatment of smoking-related periodontitis patients, potentially facilitating the healing response in those patients after non-surgical treatment. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A clinical comparative study on three surgical approaches for the removal of impacted supernumerary teeth in the midline area of the anterior maxilla CHENG Xu, ZHENG Xianyu, DING Ding, HUANG Shanshan, WU Xiaoting, ZHANG Hengguo Stomatology    2025, 45 (5): 342-346.   DOI: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.05.004 Abstract （1042）   HTML （16）    PDF （2308KB）（212）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of different surgical approaches for extracting high-positioned supernumerary teeth in the maxillary anterior midline region. Three surgical methods, the labial approach, the palatal approach, and a longitudinal incision beside the upper lip frenum were compared. Methods A total of 102 patients were recruited from the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Anhui Medical University between January and September 2024. They were randomly assigned via a random-digit table to three groups: the labial approach group (n=32), the palatal approach group (n=34), and the longitudinal incision beside the upper lip frenum group (n=36). Operation time, bone removal volume, postoperative midfacial swelling, degree of pain, and patient satisfaction across the three groups were recorded and compared. Results The average operation time in the labial approach group ((20.50±3.02) min) and the longitudinal incision group ((21.66±2.31) min) were both significantly shorter than that in the palatal approach group ((29.19±3.40) min). In contrast, the palatal approach group demonstrated markedly lower postoperative swelling and pain scores (P< 0.05), along with the highest patient satisfaction, as reflected in the OHIP-14 scale. However, the palatal approach required the greatest bone removal volume, measuring (91.19 ± 9.86)mm3. Conclusion Despite the palatal approach yielding superior outcomes in terms of postoperative pain control, swelling reduction, and patient satisfaction, it necessitated longer operation time and involved greater bone removal. Meanwhile, the labial approach and the longitudinal incision beside the upper lip frenum were comparable in all measured parameters, showing no statistically significant differences. Therefore, when extracting high midline impacted teeth in the maxillary anterior region, the choice of surgical approach should balance safety, minimal invasiveness, and patient satisfaction. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Digital implant guides in full-mouth implant surgery and restoration: A progress review LIU Zihua, BU Lingtong, WU Mengxuan, XU Guangzhou Stomatology    2025, 45 (3): 161-167.   DOI: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.03.001 Abstract （1037）   HTML （68）    PDF （4388KB）（888）       Knowledge map    Save Full-mouth implant restoration has become an important method for restoring missing teeth. Over the past few years, there has been a rapid advancement in the field of computer-aided implantology, marked by significant innovations in digital implant planning and guided surgery. These improvements provide a more precise, simple, minimally invasive, and fast approach to the treatment of edentulous jaw, realizing the concept of “starting with the goal in mind, restoration-oriented”. This article aims to summarize the application of implant guides in full-mouth implant surgery and restoration, and to discuss their advantages and disadvantages. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A novel ROS-responsive nanocarrier for antioxidant therapy in endodontic inflammation WANG Mingxin, DUAN Yiyuan, FENG Kejia, NIE Chenyu, MA Qian Stomatology    2025, 45 (7): 511-517.   DOI: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.07.006 Abstract （976）   HTML （19）    PDF （5809KB）（223）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To explore the effects of cerium-doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (Ce-MBGNs) as reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive nanocarriers on inflammation in pulp and their potential to promote odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Methods The cytotoxicity of Ce-MBGNs was assessed by CCK-8. The expression of mRNA of osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation in DPSCs and that of inflammatory factor in RAW264.7 cells were detected by RT-qPCR. Alkaline phosphatase and Alizarin Red S staining were utilized to investigate their ability to promote dentin mineralization. The ability of Ce-MBGNs to scavenge ROS was evaluated by immunofluorescence and JC-1 staining was used to assess the membrane potential (MMP) of mitochondrial. Results Ce-MBGNs exhibited good biocompatibility and significantly increased the expression of osteogenic/odontogenic-related genes in DPSCs, promoting mineralization. Additionally, Ce-MBGNs effectively scavenged intracellular ROS, maintained MMP, inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory factors, and promoted the expression of anti-inflammatory factors. Conclusion Ce-MBGNs can protect DPSCs from oxidative damage by maintaining the MMP of mitochondrial and controlling inflammation, and promote their odontoblastic differentiation, providing a theoretical basis for the development of novel therapeutic agents for oral treatment. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of biomimetic wet-adhesive hydrogel in oral dressings DING Shuwen, ZHU Jiayu, ZHAO Jiechen, WU Xiaohua, WU Junhua Stomatology    2025, 45 (9): 701-706.   DOI: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.09.011 Abstract （976）   HTML （9）    PDF （1340KB）（461）       Knowledge map    Save Biomimetic wet-adhesive hydrogels mimic the adhesive properties of biological organisms to achieve strong bonding in moist environments. Compared to conventional medical adhesives, these materials are characterized by enhanced biocompatibility, robust adhesion, and adjustable physicochemical properties. Although biomimetic wet-adhesive hydrogels have been applied in oral mucosal drug delivery, intraoral wound management, and implant surgery, a systematic review is currently lacking. This article aims to summarize the wet-adhesion mechanisms of bio-inspired materials and their applications in various scenarios and to provide insights and methodologies for the design of novel intraoral dressings. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of differences in oral behaviors among 212 patients with acute and chronic pain associated with temporomandib-ular disorders XUE Qing, SI Jiarui, SUN Yanyu, WANG Hao, CHENG Qiaoyu, XIONG Xin Stomatology    2025, 45 (9): 681-686.   DOI: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.09.007 Abstract （972）   HTML （7）    PDF （1152KB）（51）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To retrospectively analyze the distribution and differences of oral behavior among patients with acute and chronic painassociated with temporomandibular disorders(TMD). Methods A total of 212 patients with pain TMD in West China Hospital of Stomatology completed oral behaviors checklist(OBC). SPSS statistical software was used to analyze all the data. Results The patients with pain-related TMD had specific oral behaviors, such as “pressure on the jaw during sleep”(49.5%), “unilateral chewing”(49.5%), “upper and lower teeth contact when not eating”(37.7%), etc. Scores of “upper and lower teeth contact when not eating” and “muscle tension when teeth are not clenched or teeth are not in contact” in patients with chronic pain TMD were higher than those of acute patients, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The total OBC scores and daytime OBC scores of chronic pain TMD patients were higher than those of acute pain patients, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in OBC scores of patients with acute and chronic pain TMD during sleep(P>0.05). Conclusion Pain-related TMD patients had specific oral behaviors, and patients with chronic pain TMD exhibited higher levels of total OBC, daytime OBC, “upper and lower teeth contact when not eating” and “muscle tension when teeth do not bite or teeth are not in contact” oral behavior than acute pain TMD patients. In the treatment of patients with painful TMD, correcting the patient’s bad oral behavior can help the treatment of pain-related TMD. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The diagnostic value of a radiomic model based on panoramic radiographs for differentiating between single and multiple root canals in mandibular first premolars HU Huijun, CAI Juan, ZHU Wenqing, SHAO Shuiyi Stomatology    2025, 45 (9): 641-648.   DOI: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.09.001 Abstract （966）   HTML （17）    PDF （3079KB）（107）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To explore the diagnostic value of the radiomic model based on panoramic radiographs in differentiating single or multiple root canals in mandibular first premolars. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 68 patients with CBCT and panoramic radiographs from the affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between July 2022 and November 2023. One hundred and thirty one mandibular first premolars (105 single-root and 26 multiple-root canals) were included in this study. Using stratified random sampling, the mandibular first premolars were divided into a training cohort (104 teeth) and a test cohort (27 teeth) at a ratio of 8∶2. CBCT was used to confirm the root canal configuration, and radiomic features were extracted from panoramic radiographs. After feature screening, radiomic models were constructed using extratrees, LightGBM, logistic regression(LR), multi-layer perceptron(MLP), random forest, support vector machine(SVM), and XGBoost. The optimal radiomic model was selected based on receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value(PPV), negative predictive value(NPV), and decision curve analysis(DCA). Results A total of 107 radiomicfeatures were extracted from panoramic radiographs. After feature filtering, 4 radiomic features were ultimately selected using the Lasso model. The XGBoost model showed higher predictive efficiency and stability, with an AUC of 0.962 in the training cohort and 0.770 in the test cohort. DCA curves also indicated that the XGBoost model was optimal. Conclusion The radiomic model based on panoramic radiographs demonstrates good performance in differentiating single or multiple root canals in mandibular first premolars. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Biological evaluation and study on antibacterial properties of TiO2 nanotubes loaded baicalin-chitosan composite coating ZHANG Tingting, LI Xiao, FENG Dajun, MA Yan, TAN Jun, LIU Li Stomatology    2025, 45 (12): 901-908.   DOI: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.12.004 Abstract （945）   HTML （3）    PDF （6092KB）（28）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the biological effects and antibacterial properties of TiO2 nanotubes loaded baicalin-chitosan composite coating. Methods ①TiO2 nanotubes were fabricated on the surface of titanium sheet and divided into four groups:TiO2, TiO2+BC, TiO2+CS, TiO2+BC+CS. The physicochemical properties of each group were detected by scanning electron microscope, surface contact angle and high performance liquid chromatography. ②BMSCs were co-cultured with titanium tablets of each group, and the effects of baicalin-chitosan composite coating on adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs were evaluated by CCK-8 adhesion proliferation test, live/dead cell staining, ALP activity detection, alizarin red S staining and cell mineralization quantitative detection. ③The titanium sheets of each group were co-cultured with S. aureus and E. coli, and the antibacterial properties of the coating were tested by zone of inhibition test, spread plate method and turbidimetric method. Results ①Under scanning electron microscope, it was observed that chitosan could cover the TiO2 nanotubes and form a membrane-like structure on the surface. The contact angle test results showed that the contact angle of TiO2+BC+CS group was larger than that of TiO2 group (P<0.01), and the hydrophilicity was worse, but there was no difference with TiO2+BC group (P>0.05). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed that TiO2+BC+CS group could delay the release of baicalin and achieve a slow release effect. ②BMSCs were co-cultured with titanium tablets of each group. The cell adhesion test showed that the number of cells in TiO2+BC+CS group was higher than that in TiO2 group at 4 h (P<0.05). CCK-8 proliferation detection showed that the cell proliferation rate of TiO2+BC+CS group was faster than that of TiO2+BC group and TiO2+BC group at 7 days (P<0.05). The staining results of live/dead cells showed that there were a large number of green fluorescent live cells that attached to the surface of each group, and the cell morphology was similar. The ALP activity of TiO2+BC and TiO2+BC+CS groups was higher at 4 d, and the ALP activity of TiO2+BC+CS group was the best at 7 d (P<0.05). The results of alizarin red S staining showed that TiO2+BC+CS group had the most red particles and the color was darker. At 14 and 21 days, the cell mineralization level of TiO2+BC+CS group was the highest (P<0.05). ③TiO2+BC+CS group had obvious inhibition zone around it, and the turbidity of bacterial solution in TiO2+CS group and TiO2+BC+CS group was lower than that in TiO2 group and TiO2+BC group (P<0.05). Conclusion The baicalin-chitosan composite coating is beneficial to the early adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and has good antibacterial properties. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of the role of NF-κB signaling pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma CHEN Ruiye, LIU Yiqing, ZHANG Lu, CHEN Yuzhao, QIU Feng Stomatology    2025, 45 (12): 951-955.   DOI: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.12.013 Abstract （931）   HTML （7）    PDF （800KB）（20）       Knowledge map    Save Oral cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies, with approximately 90% of cases being oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC), which exhibits rapid growth, strong infiltrative ability, high recurrence rates, and a propensity for metastasis, posing a severe threat to human health. Emerging evidence indicates that aberrant activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway is closely associated with the pathogenesis and progression of OSCC. This article delves into the multifaceted regulatory roles of the NF-κB signaling pathway in OSCC, encompassing its influence on inflammatory responses, cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Furthermore, it analyzes the therapeutic strategies and drug development prospects for OSCC treatment with the NF-κB signaling pathway as a potential therapeutic target. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on temperature and pressure pain sensation in the initial stage of invisible appliance FANG Bin, LI Yuan, ZHOU Weina, YU Linfeng, ZHOU Meng, MA Junqing Stomatology    2025, 45 (4): 259-263.   DOI: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.04.004 Abstract （927）   HTML （12）    PDF （1034KB）（306）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the initial temperature sensation and pressure pain sensation in patients receiving invisible orthodontic treatment. Methods Twenty-two patients receiving clear aligner treatment(experimental group)and 22 volunteers(control group)participated. Perceptual changes were assessed using the visual analogue scale(VAS) and quantitative sensory testing(QST). The QST employed in this study included warm detection threshold/heat pain threshold (WDT/HPT), cold detection threshold/cold pain threshold (CDT/CPT), and pressure pain threshold (PPT). Tests were conducted on teeth 21 and 31, their gums, the left hand, and the left masseter muscle. Assessments occurred at baseline, 2 hours, 24 hours, 7 days, and 28 days after aligner placement. Results In the experimental group, VAS scores peaked at 24 hours and then significantly decreased(P<0.01). For teeth 21 and 31, the WDT and HPT of the labial attached gingiva, along with the PPT of these teeth, showed significant decreases at 24 hours and 7 days compared to baseline and the control group(P<0.01). At 24 hours and 7 days, VAS scores were negatively correlated with the WDT and HPT of the labial attached gingiva of teeth 21 and 31(P<0.05). Conclusion At 24 hours and 7 days post-clear aligner treatment, thermal sensitivity and pain, as well as pressure pain sensitivity, increased for the gingiva of teeth 21 and 31. Thermal sensitivity was also correlated with pain intensity. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in CBCT combined with digital technology and artificial intelligence in endodontics LI Jianing, WANG Shengchao, ZHOU Zichao, ZHANG Qianxia, JIANG Wenkai Stomatology    2025, 45 (4): 296-300.   DOI: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.04.011 Abstract （901）   HTML （13）    PDF （730KB）（481）       Knowledge map    Save Oral and maxillofacial CBCT(cone beam computed tomography) as a kind of oral imaging techniques, can accurately show the tooth pulp in an all-round way. Especially for showingthe morphologyof special root canals, it has incomparable advantages over two-dimensional X ray film. With the development of digital technology and artificial intelligence technology, CBCT has been widely used in stomatology. In this paper, we will systematically review the applicationprogress of CBCT combined with oral digital technology and artificial intelligence technology, with a view to providing references for clinical diagnosis and treatmentand technical development of the discipline. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fixed-removable simultaneous prosthetic strategy based on target restoration space theory and its application in senior patients: A clinical study WANG Zhongyi, WU Jiacheng, YU Haiyang Stomatology    2025, 45 (12): 932-939.   DOI: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.12.010 Abstract （895）   HTML （5）    PDF （7219KB）（22）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To develop and evaluate a fixed-removable simultaneous prosthetic strategy for Kennedy Class Ⅰ and Ⅱ dentition defect based on the target restoration space (TRS) concept. Methods A virtual patient was created using intraoral scans, CBCT, and facial scans. Under TRS guidance, zirconia crowns, removable implant overdentures, and surgical guides were simultaneously designed. CAD/CAM technology enabled precise fabrication. The proposed treatment was applied to an 82-year-old patient, with a three-year follow-up to evaluate the periodontal condition, prosthesis adaptation, recovery of oral and maxillofacial function, and occurrence of complications. Results A fixed-removable simultaneous prosthetic strategy has been constructed. The protocol reduced follow-up visits to 7 and shortened treatment time to 7.25 months. Despite the delayed tooth extraction against medical advice, the treatment showed a favorable tolerance range. Clinically, the prosthesis had precise marginal fit, and the Locator implant overdenture provided stable retention, resulting in reliable occlusal restoration. At 3 years, OHIP-14 score dropped from 31 to 6, VAS satisfaction was 96, and no complications occurred. Conclusion This TRS-based strategy improves efficiency, reduces clinical burden, and offers a reliable solution for complex edentulous cases in senior patients. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Three-dimensional finite element analysis of implant-supported prostheses and natural adjacent teeth in the aesthetic zone under different occlusal relationships QIAN Yi, YANG Yi, BI Xiaoming, XU Jiya, WANG Zhifang, WANG Yueqiu, LIU Mei Stomatology    2025, 45 (12): 895-900.   DOI: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.12.003 Abstract （881）   HTML （10）    PDF （1593KB）（19）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To investigate the biomechanical effects of implant-supported prostheses on natural adjacent teeth in the aesthetic zone and provide a reference for reducing the occurrence of proximal contact loss after implant restoration in the aesthetic zone. Methods A three-dimensional finite element model of the maxillary aesthetic zone with natural dentition was established as the control group (Group A), and a mixed dentition model including an implant-supported prosthesis at the right maxillary central incisor and its adjacent teeth was established as the experimental group (Group B). Finite element analysis software was used to calculate the differences in displacement direction and magnitude between the two groups under three different occlusal relationships. Results Under the same occlusal relationship, the physiological mobility of natural teeth was significantly greater than that of implant-supported prostheses. The total displacement of the natural adjacent teeth in Group B was greater than that of the corresponding teeth in Group A. Under different occlusal relationships, the right maxillary lateral incisor in Group A exhibited distal displacement, while the left maxillary central incisor exhibited mesial displacement. In Group B, both the right maxillary lateral incisor and the left maxillary central incisor exhibited distal displacement. Under occlusal loading, the gaps between the implant-supported prosthesis and the adjacent natural teeth in Group B were larger than the gaps between the right maxillary central incisor and its adjacent teeth in Group A. Conclusion Under the influence of occlusal forces, the implantation of the implant-supported prosthesis increases the total displacement amplitude of the natural adjacent teeth and affects the direction of their displacement, causing the natural teeth to tend to move away from the implant prosthesis. Occlusal factors are key determinants affecting the proximal contact relationship after implant restoration. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The inhibitory impact of natural antibacterial biomaterials on Streptococcus mutans and its associated biofilm formation CHANG Xingtao, HU Jiaxin, SUN Jiangling, ZHANG Jiqin, CHEN Xianrun, BAI Guohui, LUO Yi Stomatology    2025, 45 (3): 235-240.   DOI: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.03.014 Abstract （872）   HTML （16）    PDF （767KB）（360）       Knowledge map    Save In recent years, natural antimicrobial biomaterials have received widespread attention due to their rich sources, broad antimicrobial spectrum, high antimicrobial activity, good biocompatibility, etc. They play an important role in caries prevention and treatment by inhibiting the formation of biofilm and removing the formed biofilm. In this paper, we summarize the inhibitory effects of different natural antimicrobial biomaterials on Streptococcus mutans, the main caries-causing organism, and its biofilm, with a view to providing theoretical references for caries prevention and treatment. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical and genetic study on a cleidocranial dysplasia family ZHANG Xinyu, MAO Ji, CHENG Tingting, MA Lan, CHENG Liming, PAN Yongchu Stomatology    2026, 46 (1): 54-60.   DOI: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2026.01.009 Abstract （868）   HTML （3）    PDF （4188KB）（135）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To confirm the mutation in a family with cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) and explore its possible effects on protein structure and function. Methods A proband with CCD was diagnosed through clinical symptoms and radiography examinations. Peripheral blood samples were collected from the proband and his family members for whole-exome sequencing. The pathogenic mutation was validated by Sanger sequencing. Further investigations were conducted to analyze the protein structural and functional changes induced by this mutation and explore the potential mechanisms by which this gene contributed to the pathogenesis of CCD. Results In this family, both the proband and his father exhibited typical clinical manifestations of cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD), including clavicular hypoplasia, delayed closure of fontanelles, craniofacial and dental abnormalities. A previously reported RUNX2 missense mutation (c. 569G>A, p. Arg190Gln) was identified in this family. This mutation occurred within the highly conserved runt domain, disrupting RUNX2 protein function. Bioinformatics analysis further confirmed the critical role of RUNX2 in craniofacial skeleton and tooth development. Conclusion A missense mutation in exon 4 of the RUNX2 gene is identified in a Chinese CCD family, providing novel therapeutic insights for CCD patients from molecular biological perspective. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Three-dimensional finite element analysis of the optimal attachment position for clear aligners of the lower canine ZHAO Xi, YANG Li Stomatology    2025, 45 (3): 197-203.   DOI: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.03.007 Abstract （849）   HTML （9）    PDF （1723KB）（219）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To compare the effects of different attachments and their placement positions on the correction movements of intrusion, extrusion, rotation, and torque in the right mandibular canine using the three-dimensional finite element method. Methods A female patient treated in the Department of Orthodontics at the Urumqi City Stomatology Hospital in 2022 was chosen as the model subject. A three-dimensional finite element model was constructed to simulate various conditions of the right mandibular canine undergoing intrusion, extrusion, rotation, and torque movements with 21 different types of attachments placed at various positions. A load of 11.821 N was applied at the corresponding positions of the aligner attachments, and simulations were performed in Abaqus 6.14 software to collect stress and displacement distribution maps along with maximum stress and displacement values. Results In the simulation of orthodontic treatment for extrusion, the highest periodontal ligament Von Mises stress(PVMS)values and canine displacement occurred when the attachment was located at the upper region of buccal incisal. For the intrusion group, it was observed that PVMS values and contact stress of the alveolar bone, canine, aligner, and attachment gradually increased as the attachment position moved from the upper region to the lower region. In the torque simulation, the canine PVMS was the highest when the attachment was on the buccalupper region. In the rotation group, canine displacement incrementally increased as the attachment moved from the upper region to the lower region, regardless of whether it was on the lingual or buccal side. Conclusion ①For the extrusion, intrusion, and torque movements of the lower canine, the most suitable attachment positions are on the middle lingual side and middle buccal sideof the canine; for the rotational movement of the lower canine, the attachments should be placed on the middle buccal side, and lower lingual side. ②The lingual position of the tooth attachment greatly influences tooth movement and the distribution of stress. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of subgingival air-polishing in the treatment of periodontitis and peri-implantitis XU Shengying, SUN Xulin, HUANG Jiaping, SHI Zhuojin, DING Peihui Stomatology    2025, 45 (5): 380-385.   DOI: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.05.011 Abstract （848）   HTML （20）    PDF （754KB）（248）       Knowledge map    Save Subgingival air polishing can effectively remove plaque and soft deposits attached to the tooth surface and implant surfaces. It is an adjunctive treatment method for periodontitis and peri-implantitis, offering good cleaning efficiency with minimal damage to the root surface and implant surface. Additionally, it promotes the reattachment of fibroblasts to the root surface and osteoblast integration on the implant surface. Subgingival air polishing can improve clinical attachment levels and also shows better therapeutic effects when combined with flap surgery. It provides higher comfort for patients and lower operational difficulty for the dentist. This article aims to analyze and summarize in vivo and in vitro studies, reviewing the therapeutic progress of subgingival air polishing in the treatment of periodontitis and peri-implantitis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the effect of stable occlusal splint on the treatment of different types of temporomandibular joint disorders FENG Yan, XU Gang, WANG Yangyang, TANG Na, ZHANG Ting Stomatology    2025, 45 (12): 918-922.   DOI: 10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2025.12.007 Abstract （843）   HTML （2）    PDF （1302KB）（31）       Knowledge map    Save Objective To explore the effectiveness of stable occlusal splints in treating different types of temporomandibular joint disorders. Methods Patients with temporomandibular disorders who were treated in Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2021 to January 2024 were divided into two groups, myogenic group and arthrogenic group. The patients in both groups were treated with stable occlusal splint and were followed up at 1, 2, and 3 months after treatment.The temporomandibular function score, occlusal force distribution balance degree, occlusal time, occlusal separation time, pain index and mouth opening degree were evaluated and compared between the two groups. Statistical analysis was conducted using the t-test. Results Before treatment, there were no significant differences in temporomandibular function score, balance of occlusal force distribution, occlusal time, occlusal separation time, pain score, mouth-opening degree between the muscular group and the articular group(P>0.05). After treatment, temporomandibular function score, occlusal force distribution balance, occlusal time, occlusal separation time, pain score and mouth opening degree were improved in both groups compared with before treatment, and there were significant differences(P<0.05). Moreover, the temporomandibular function score, balance degree of occlusal force distribution, occlusal time, occlusal separation time, pain score and mouth opening degree of the arthrogenic group were significantly better than those of the musculogenic group after treatment(P<0.05). Conclusion The stabilization splint is effective in the treatment of TMD, and it is more effective in the treatment of articular TMD. The method is simple, safe and reliable. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics