ObjectiveTo investigate an analytical method of GNAS gene mutations in fibrous dysplasia(FD) of the jaws and toexplore the biological characteristics of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) from FD patients in vitro and lay the foundation for the further study of the pathogenesis of FD.MethodsThe GNAS gene mutations of the 40 cases of FD who visited our hospital between 2005-2016 were analyzed via extracting genomic DNA from paraffin-embedded tissues of the FD patients，allele-specific PCR amplification and sequencing.Fresh FD tissues were immediately obtained from bone lesions for primary cell culture after surgical removal. Informed consent was obtained before volunteers were enrolled in this study. CCK8 was performed for analysis of cell proliferation, the mineralization potential of BMSCs was assessed via Alizarin Red staining, Western blot and real time PCR were used to examine the expression of osteogenesis-associated genes.Results A mutation in the Gsα codon of Arg201 was found in 35 of the 40 (87.5%) cases of FD, with a predilection for Arg-to-His (R201H) substitutions (25 cases, 71.4%) versus Arg-to-Cys (R201C) substitutions (9 cases, 28.6%).No obvious morphological differences between FD BMSCs and normal BMSCs were observed. FD BMSCs exhibited a much stronger proliferation ability relative to BMSCs.Alizarin Red staining indicated that fewer calcium deposits were formed by FD BMSCs. A significant reduction in the expression ofosteogenesis-associated genes was observed in FD BMSCs during osteogenic induction.ConclusionsThere are specific mutations in GNAS gene in BMSCs of FD lesions, allele-specific PCR is a simple and reliable method to diagnose FD.FD BMSCs are characterized by high proliferation activity and weak osteogenic differentiation potential, and the pathogenesis of FD may be associated with osteogenic disorder.

Objective To comparatively evaluate the influences of sandblasting acid etched (SLA) titanium surface and double acid etched titanium surface on biological behaviors of osteoblasts. Methods Sandblasting acid-etching and double acid-etching were performed respectively on pure titanium surfaces. The pure titanium surface (Ti) was used as the control group; sandblasting acid etched surface (Ti-SLA) and double acid etched surface (Ti-DA) were used as two experiment groups. The micro-topography, wettability and elemental compositions of different titanium surfaces were observed and analyzed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angel test and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). MC3T3-E1 cells were seeded on the surface of samples of three groups to investigate the effects of different titanium surfaces on biological behaviors of osteoblasts. Results SEM observation showed that more uniform dense micro-porous structure formed on the Ti-DA surface compared with the Ti-SLA surface. There were no evident differences in surface contact angles among three different groups. XPS analysis revealed that trace aluminum element had remained on the Ti-SLA surface. Adhesion and proliferation abilities of osteoblasts on the surface of samples of three groups showed no obvious differences, while Ti-DA group significantly promoted osteoblast differentiation. Conclusion Compared with the SLA titanium surface, the double acid etched titanium surface exhibits more uniform dense micro-topography without aluminum residue, and effectively promotes osteoblast differentiation.

Objective To compare the values of equivalent(von-misses) stress on periodontal ligament between two placement methods of ball-cap attachment. Methods The two 3-dimensional finite element models of ball-cap were built, attached with two placement methods with two different crown-root ratios(0.96 and 1.5). The equivalent(von-misses) stress and the maximum principal stress on periodontal ligament were analyzed. Results Under two crown-root ratios, the equivalent(von-misses) stress and the maximum principal stress on the periodontal ligament of vertical easy ball-cap attachment was smaller than those of vertical easy ball-cap attachment. Conclusion The vertical easy ball-cap attachment is more conducive to the health of abutment periodontal tissue.

Abstract：　Objective　 To study the effects of different liquid immersion on the tensile strength of silicone rubber soft lining materials. Methods　 A total of 54 experimental specimens were prepared by bonding Vertex thermosetting resin base material with Molloplst B thermal silicone rubber soft lining material (group A) and Up & Up self-setting silicone rubber soft lining material (group B) respectively. A1-9, B1-9 were used in each group with 6 specimens, A1B1 group as experimental control group, no treatment; A2-5 and B2-5 were soaked in 37 ℃ constant temperature artificial saliva for 1d, 7d, 30d and 90d, A6-9 and B6-9 were immersed in denture cleaner at room temperature for 1 day, 7 days, 30 days and 90 days, respectively. The tensile strength of all specimens was tested and the fracture surface was observed. Results　 There was no significant change in the tensile strength of the tested samples in artificial saliva soaking group (P> 0.05). The tensile strength of Up & Up self-setting specimen immersed in denture cleaner decreased at 90 days, and compared with the experimental group, the difference was statistically significant (p <0.05). The strength of the thermosetting silicone rubber soft lining material was higher than that of the self-coagulated silicone rubber soft lining material (P <0.01) Conclusions　Artificial tacil soaking has no significant effect on the strength of silicone rubber soft lining material. Denture cleaner soaking 90d makes Up & Up self-shearing silicone rubber soft lining tensile strength reduced. The tensile strength of thermosetting silicone rubber soft lining material is higher than silicone rubber soft lining material.

Objective To investigate the effects of hyaluronic acid (HA) against nicotine in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDLFs), and to explore the molecular mechanism underlying nicotine-induced cytotoxicity Methods This experiments using in vitro cultured human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDLFs), divided into four groups: (1) normal group: cultured in DMEM medium continue; (2) the nicotine groups: add DMEM culture group concentration respectively (10 mu g/ml, 100 mu g/ml, 250 mu g/ml, 500 mu g/ml, 1000 mu g/ml) of nicotine. (3) hyaluronic acid groups: join in DMEM hyaluronic acid concentration was 0.1% and 0.2%; (4) the nicotine + hyaluronic acid groups: add concentration of 0.1% and 0.2% in DMEM HA and different concentrations of nicotine jointly develop 10 subgroups (total). Four groups were determined by MTT method (thiazole blue tetrazoliumbromide) cells, hence application kit of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) , Runt related transcription for - 2 (Runx2), collagen Ⅰ (Col Ⅰ) and osteopontin (OPN), osteocalcin (OCN) mRNA level, cell calcium mineralization ability .Results 1, compared with the control group, the concentration of nicotine can inhibit the proliferation activity of PDLFs and alkaline phosphatase activity, pure nicotine to join the group of Runx2, type I collagen, OPN and OCN had significantly lower levels of mRNA expression. Pure nicotine treatment group did not see calcification mineralized nodules.2, compared with the control group, respectively (0.1% and 0.2%) of hyaluronic acid on the periodontal ligament fibroblasts have obvious promoting effect, both kinds of concentration of hyaluronic acid can promote the proliferation activity of HPDLFs and alkaline phosphatase activity, and promote the rise of Runx2, type I collagen, the level of mRNA expression of OPN and OCN ,and obsered in mineralized nodules.3, compared with the pure nicotine effect group, hyaluronic acid + nicotine group of HPDLFs proliferation activity and alkaline phosphatase activities play a role, the Runx2, type I collagen, OPN and OCN mRNA expression level has improved, and observed calcification mineralized nodules. Conclusion HA can increase the activity of ALP and mineralized tissue-associated proteins, including Runx2, Col I, OPN and OCN, etc and can resist the toxic effect of nicotine on HPDLFs, and thus play a protective role.

Objective　 To find the imaging features and essentials of identification and diagnosis through a comparative study on the CBCT image of the Amelobalstoma and Keratocystic odontogenic tumors occurring at the mandible. Methods CBCT images of primary ameloblastoma and Keratocystic odontogenic tumor of the mandible were collected. They were divided into ameloblastoma group (AME) and keratocystic odontogenic tumor group (OKC) based on the results of pathological diagnosis and the image features of patients in both groups were analyzed. Results Twenty cases of patients were included into AME group and OKC group equally, the difference in age, gender , position of lesion and interior separation between the two groups of patients were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The degree of distention of bone cortex at the side of lesion of AME group was （1.82±0.55）in average, while the counterpart of OKC group was （1.16±0.24）. In AME group ,there were a total of 17 cases of discontinuous bone wall at the buccal side and/or lingual side and 16 cases of tooth root were absorbed. In OKC group ,there were a total of 10 cases of discontinuous bone wall at the buccal side and/or lingual side and 3 cases of tooth root were absorbed.The statistical results showed that there were significant differences between the two groups in distention of bone cortex at lesion side, the continuity of bone wall and the absorption of root（P<0.05）.Conclusion Amid the CBCT image, the degree of distention of bone cortex at lesion side , continuity of bone wall and manifestation of dental and dental root resorption are the crucial indexes to identify Mandibular Ameloblastoma and Keratocystic odontogenic tumors.

Abstracts: Objective To assess the clinical success of dental implants placed in atrophic maxilla, in which the residual bone height (RBH) was between 3-8 mm, using osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) without grafting. Methods This study enrolled 10 maxillary posterior tooth loss patients with a RBH of 3-8 mm. After an OSFE without grafting was performed, the implants were placed. Follow-ups were conducted at 12 months after crown placement. Clinical and radiographic parameters were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed to analyze the RBH values before and after placing implants. Results In 10 patients, all implants were retained. At 1 year, the implant survival rate was 100% according to the evaluation standard. The RBH before implant therapy was between 3.0 and 7.2 mm, while the marginal bond level after implanting was between 3.6 and 9.2 mm. The change of the marginal bond level was 1.1±0.5mm. Conclusions According to the current evidence, high survival rate could be achieved in implant therapy in the atrophied posterior maxilla, following OSFE without grafting within 1-year follow-up.

Objective　To observe the clinical efficacy of nitroglycerin combined with esmolol in controlled hypotension during orthognathic surgery. Methods Sixty elderly, ASAⅠ-Ⅱ, patients who was to undergo orthognathic surgery were selected and randomly divided into two groups, according to random number table. In Group N, nitroglycerin was used alone during operation, while in Group NE, nitroglycerin combined with esmolol was used. Nitroglycerin of both group started from 4 μg?kg-1?min-1, esmolol started from 150 μg?kg-1?min-1. Controlled hypotension started 2 min before the osteotomy, stopped at the separation of maxillary. MAP，HR and CVP were recorded immediately before controlled hypotension(T0), at the goal of controlled hypotension(T1),5 min after achieving the goal(T2),5 min(T3)and 10 min(T4) after stopping controlled hypotension. The contents of hemoglobin and hematokrit before and after the operation were detected，the amount of bleeding was calculated, and the amount of nitroglycerin and the operation time were recorded. Results Compared with Group N, HR significantly decreased at T1 to T3,MAP significantly decreased at T1 , T3 and T4,the operation time was shorter, the amount of nitroglycerin was less(P＜0.05) in Group NE. The amount of bleeding and CVP had no statistically significant difference between two groups. Conclusions Nitroglycerin combined with esmolol in controlled hypotension is useful to shorten the amount of nitroglycerin, reduce the operative time , inhibit tachycardiac responses caused by nitroglycerin , so that it can meet the need of orthognathic surgery better.

Objective: to design a model perfusion frame for orthodontic study model based on the data of malocclusal patients, Methods: randomly selected 200 models of malocclusion from the patients of Guangxi Medical University since 2014 to 2015, use the 1:1 fixed focus camera to take the image of upper occlusal surface of the choosed models, use Photoshop CS6 software to measure and calculate the corresponding length of the study model' s bottom edge, use vernier caliper to measure the distance between the bottom of the canine vestibular groove. Based on the statistical analysis of the measured data model, design a model rubber base whose size is suitable for clinical application , and a height adjustable model perfusion frame has been designed too. Results: malocclusion deformity patients with dental arch size data, whereby the design of the rubber base is more suitable for making orthodontic study model. In addition, the design of the model perfusion frame can provide a stable support and accurate positioning in the process model perfusion. Conclusion: the frame for study model making can improve the efficiency and quality of model preparation in clinic, and reduce the waste of hydroelectric resources. It has a good clinical application prospect.

Objective To describe the caries status and associated factors in 5 and 12 years old children in Jiangsu Province and to provide evidence for health service of caries prevention．Methods Referring to WHO' s “Oral Health Surveys Basic Methods ” ( Fourth Edition ) and protocols of the fourth national survey, the method of multistage , stratified , equal capacity , simple random sampling were used to draw a sample of 1419 cases in 12 survey spots in Jiangsu Province，among which 441 5-year-old cases and 978 12-year-old cases respectively. Results The primary tooth caries prevalence in 5-year-old was 71.4 % and the mean dmft was 4.05. There was no difference between boys and girls or cities and rural areas ( P >0. 1). The filling percentage of deciduous teeth was only 2.6%. High-fluoride region, the frequency of sweet drinks and having sweet foods before sleep were associated with the primary tooth caries . The permanent tooth caries prevalence in 12-year-old was 33.8% and the mean dmft was 0.60. There was a great significant difference between boys and girls in the proportion of dental caries or in DMFT( P <0 . 05). The filling percentage of permanent teeth was 15.1%. Gender, the frequency of sweet cakes or s and interval of visiting the dentist were associated with the permanent tooth caries .Conclusions The prevalence of children in Jiangsu Province is still high. High-risk groups should be focused on to prevent and control the risk factors of caries, strengthen the oral health education and finally draw up personalized solutions for Jiangsu province.

Patients with severe periodontitis usually need non-surgical periodontal therapy, periodontal surgery and multidisciplinary therapy, due to severe alveolar bone destruction and attachment loss together with several concomitant lesions. However, non-surgical therapy is still the most fundamental, effective and important part. Although traditional mechanical treatment presents certain limitations, additional means with some unique advantages have been increasingly applied to the clinical manipulation, such as periodontal endoscope, medication and laser, etc. Research progress on non-surgical therapy for severe periodontitis will be reviewed in the article.

Periostin(POSTN), also known as osteoblast-specific factor 2 (OSF-2), is found in periosteum and periodontal ligament. It is a kind of extracellular matrix protein that is tissuely integral and essential during maturation, expressed in collagen-enriched fibrous and connective tissue when under constant mechanical stress. At present, studies have shown that Periostin has huge effect on bones;teeth and heart development. In this paper, preliminary studies of the role Periostin plays in the fibroblast expression of human’s periodontal ligament stem cell were reviewed.

Patients with cleft palate often have pathological speech.An important objective of palatoplasty is to restore normal speech by recovering velopharyngeal normal anatomical form and function. Evaluation of velopharyngeal function is an important approach to evaluate the postoperative therapeutic effectiveness and to guide the selection of various operation methods for cleft palate.To provide reference for clinicians to select assessment means and operation types, methods of evaluating the velopharyngeal normal anatomical form and function are reviewed in this article.

Osteoradionecrosis of jaws (ORNJ) is one of the most severe complications following radiotherapy for patients with head and neck cancer. ORNJ develops slowly and has long duration of illness. The pathogenesis and pathophysiology of ORNJ still remain unclear. Due to the lack of effective therapeutics, this disease has long been a difficult clinical problem. It’s meaningful to establish animal models of ORNJ for exploring its pathogenesis, disease prevention and therapeutic intervention. This review introduces and summarizes the animal choice, building methods, evaluation indicators and application of ORNJ model.

Caries is a common disease against human health. Timely detection of early caries can maximize the preservation of teeth. Photothermal radiometry (PTR) has been a novel infrared testing technology for caries detection in recent years.In this paper, progress of this method in the field will be reviewed, and the principle of this method,imaging technology and The Canary System based on this method will also be particularly introduced.

Oral mucosal diseases pose a threat to human health and quality of life. The etiology of most of oral mucosa diseases is unknown, so it’s difficult for clinical work and research. To explore the pathogenesis and prevention measures of oral mucosa diseases, how to establish animal models of oral mucosal diseases is particularly important. For how to establish mucosal disease animal models of specific mucosal diseases, such as oral ulcer, oral leukoplakia and oral carcinoma , there are detailed introductions at home and abroad, but the conclusive papers and literature are comparatively rare. Thus, some mature animal models of oral mucosa diseases will be introduced in detail in this paper.