Abstract：　Objective　To evaluate the color and structural stability of a novel ultra-transparent zirconia ceramic after aging in vitro. Methods　A novel ultra-transparent zirconia ceramic Katana UTML (KU) with different thicknesses (0.5、1.0、1.2 and 1.5mm) were selected (n=5 per group) and then, the CIE L* a* b* parameters of each sample were measured with a dental colorimeter, which was used to calculate the color values with different thicknesses on a white background for the color difference (△E) before and after aging (in an autoclave at 134℃ under 0.2MPa for 20h). Statistical analysis of △E was performed using the SPSS 21.0 statistical software. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were applied to evaluate the structural stability of KU after aging. Results　The △E of KU with different thicknesses before and after aging ranged from 0.96 to 1.50, which was acceptable in clinic. The results of XRD and SEM showed that there was no obvious changes in the crystal phase and surface micro-morphology (such as grain size) of KU before and after aging. Conclusions　Katana UTML possesses good color and structural stability regardless of aging.

Abstract：　Objective　To study the effects of Qingpi extract on the growth of six major cariogenic bacteria, and to explore the potential anti-caries mechanism of Qingpi based on network pharmacology. Methods　The MIC and MBC of six major cariogenic bacteria were determined by liquid dilution method. Based on TCMSP, the chemical constituents and corresponding targets of Qingpi were obtained. The related targets of caries were obtained through Gene Cards and OMIM database. The chemical constituents of Qingpi were mapped to disease targets to predict caries. Using Cytoscape software to construct a component-target regulatory network and protein-protein interaction network, use the DAVID database to analyze the GO classification enrichment analysis, and use the Kobas database to analyze the target KEGG signal path analysis. Results　The MIC of Qingpi against S. mutans, S. sanguis, S. sobrinus, A. viscosus, A. naeslundii and L. acidophilus was 1, 0.5, 1, 2, 2, 2mg/mL, MBC was 2, 1, 2, 4, 4, 4mg/mL．According to the results of network pharmacology, there are 12 effective components for the treatment of caries and 28 targets. The key active ingredients include neohesperidin, naringenin and nobiletin. The key targets include TNF, CAT, MMP9 et al. Pathway enrichment analysis showed signal pathways such as AGE-RAGE、NF-κB signaling pathway. Conclusions　The extract of Qingpi has an inhibitory effect on the growth of six major cariogenic bacteria, and network pharmacology reveals the pharmacological basis and mechanism of its chemical constituents against caries. It can provide experimental and theoretical basis for the subsequent development of drugs for preventing caries from the Qingpi.

Objective　 The purpose of this study was to investigate the diversity, composition and structure of related microorganisms in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP). Methods　 The 16S rDNA gene sequencing of buccal or tongue mucosa samples from 12 reticular OLP patients, 12 erosive OLP patients and 8 healthy volunteers was carried out using sterile swabs to preliminarily explore the microbial dysbiosis of OLP patients. Results　 The relative abundance of bacteria of the OLP was significantly higher than that of the control group, including Eikenella, Alysiella, morococcus pneumoniae, Prevotella marshii, Leptotrichia buccalis c-1013-b and Granulicatella elegans. Among them, the relative abundance of Prevotella marshii was significantly higher in erosive OLP than in reticular OLP(P=0.0009). The relative abundance of Sediminibacterium and Streptococcus salivarius subsp. salivarius increased in the control group. Conclusions　The results showed that the characteristics of related microorganisms in the OLP were different from those in the control group. In order to determine the effective prevention and treatment strategies of OLP, further study on the diversity of OLP related microbial communities is of great importance.

PURPOSE: The study found that CD147 may be involved in the regulation of the progression of periodontal diseases, for the reason that evaluate the CD147 levels in the unstimulated whole saliva (UWS), gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum of healthy people and patients with periodontitis before and after the initial phase of periodontal treatment. To determine whether they are relation with periodontitis, and they are possible diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for periodontitis. Methods: Twenty patients with pefiodontitis before and after periodontal treatment and twenty healthy controls were included and periodontal conditions (BI,PD,AL) were assessed. The levels of CD147 in UWS, GCF and serum were measured by enzyme 1inked immunosorbent assay. Results: In addition to AL,the BI and PD after periodontal treatment of six weeks were significantly decreased compared with before treatment（P <0．05）. The expression levels of CD147 in UWS, GCF and serum decreased after treatment was statistically significant（P <0．05）. In addition to serum,the expression levels of CD147 in UWS and GCF before and after the treatment were higher than healthy controls，that was statistically significant（P <0．05）. Conclusion: The CD147 in the UWS and GCF of patients with periodontitis and healthy controls were detected. As the progress of periodontal inflammation decreased , as well as the expressions levels of CD147 in UWS and GCF.

Objective: To study how the symmetry of hard and soft tissues of patients with facial asymmetry change after orthognathic surgery. Methods: 20 patients diagnosed with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion and facial asymmetry who underwent orthognathic surgery were enrolled. Three-dimensional facial scanning images (3dMd) and cone-beam computed tomography scans (CBCT) were obtained before and after the surgery. 25 landmarks were chosen to calculate symmetry indexes. Results: Among soft tissue, there was a statistically significant difference in symmetry index of upper lip edge point, lower lip edge point, left and right cheilion, pogonion, menton. Among hard tissue, there was a statistically significant difference in the symmetry index of B point, pogonion, menton. Conclusion: After orthognathic surgery, symmetry of soft tissue of lips and chin, hard tissue of mandible were improved a lot. However, there was no significant improvement in symmetry of nasal tissue, maxilla mandibular angle.

　Objective　To investigate the changes of facial soft tissue before and after orthodontic and orthognathic treatment in patients with skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion。Methods　14 patients with skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion are chosen from the Orthodontic Department of Jiangsu provincial stomatological hospital. The patients are required to take 3dMD photos before and after treatments. We use 3dMD vultus to rebuild the patients ’soft tissues. In order to compare the soft tissue changes, 17 points are selected and are used for length and angle measurements. Results：A significant difference was found in the angle of N‘-Sn-Pog‘，the nasolabial angle ，the mentolabial angle、the length of upper lip and the width of alar and alar base。Conclusions　1.3dMD provides a method for three-dimensional measurement of soft tissue. 2. The profile of patients with skeletal class III malocclusion were improved before and after orthodontic and orthognathic treatment。

Abstract Aim: To evaluate the outcome of mobile teeth which are greater than Ⅱ degrees with advanced periodontitis after periodontal basic treatment plus supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). Methods: 381mobile teeth including 118 TM2 and 23 TM3 were selected from 57 adult patients. Each tooth received periodontal basic treatment and supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). BOP (the percentage of positive sites), Sulcus bleeding index (SBI), Tooth Mobility(TM) had been recorded at the initial periodontal visit (T0), one month after basic periodontal therapy (T1) and 24 month after basic periodontal therapy (T2) after probing depth (PD) assessment. Results:(i)Clinical parameters including TM,PD,BOP,SBI at all levels of tooth mobility improved significantly after therapies (P<0.05). (ii)The percentage of teeth in TM2 group retained was 95.7% and 39.1% of the teeth in TM3 group can also be kept in function. Conclusions: Clinical parameters of mobile teeth can be improved after periodontal basic treatment plus supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). Most TM2 teeth can be retained. Although Teeth of originally tooth mobility “3”have high missing rate (over 50%), it is worth trying to retain.

Objective　 To explore the diagnosis of Eagle’s syndrome, the surgical treatment with the improved L-shape incision of palatoglossal arch and the effect after operation. Methods Retrospective analysis of the clinical materials of 16 patients with Eagle’s syndrome who underwent surgical treatment with L shape incision of palatoglossal arch was performed. The medical history, clinical symptoms, treatment history, radiological examination were analyzed, the surgical effects were followed up and preoperative and postoperative VAS pain scores were evaluated. Results The average length of the affected styloid process was 2.17±0.52 cm （ ±s）after surgical treatment through improved L-shape incision of palatoglossal arch. There were no local complications such as wound dehiscence, infection and bleeding after operation. Among the 16 patients, there were 14 patients whose clinical symptoms had completely disappeared and 2 patients whose symptoms had been alleviated after operation and followed up for more than 6 months. The VAS pain score after operation was 0.38±0.62（ ±s） significantly lower than that of pre-operation 3.94±0.68（ ±s） (P< 0.05). Conclusion Eagle’s syndrome can be easily misdiagnosed in clinic. Palpation of the tonsillar fossa and imageological examination can improve the diagnosis rate. The improved L-shape incision of palatoglossal arch can be employed for the patient with Eagle’s syndrome to remove the long styloid process and reserve the tonsil effectively at the same time. Also, the patients are satisfied with the post-operative effects, and no other complications are found during shot-term follow-up. This method is of some certain guidance for the clinical treatment of Eagle’s syndrome.

Objective To describe the caries status and associated factors in students aged 12 to 15 years old in Jiangsu Province and to provide reliable evidence for health service of caries prevention in the future. Methods Referring to WHO Oral Health Surveys -Basic Methods (Fifth Edition), a sample of 3914 students aged 12 to 15 years old were drawn by the method of multistage, stratified, equal capacity and simple random. Subjects were divided into four different age groups (aged 12，13，14 and 15)，with 978，986，978 and 972 students in each group. The dental caries were recorded and the questionnaire was filled. And then the mean DMFT was analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis H Test, and the prevalence, the filling rate and the pit and fissure sealant rate were analyzed by Chi-squared Test. Meanwhile, the associated factors were analyzed by Binary logistic analysis. Results The permanent tooth caries prevalence in the 12- to 15-year-old was 34.98% and the mean DMFT was 0.69, which were both higher in females than males and made a significant difference in gender (P＜0.001). The filling percentage of caries of students aged 12 to 15 years old was only 17.53%, and that of male was higher than that of female in rural areas(P=0.039）. What’s more, the tooth position of the highest permanent tooth caries prevalence was the first permanent molar. The living area, gender and the frequency of having sweet cakes or s were the risk factors of the permanent tooth caries. Conclusion Due to the high caries prevalence of students in Jiangsu Province, good oral health behaviors should be encouraged and preventive measures in high-risk groups should be carried out. Public health measures and oral health education are also needed to control the risk factors of caries.

Objective To survey the prevalence of permanent dental caries among 35- to 74-year-old adults and senior citizens in Jiangsu Province, and to provide scientific basis for further development of oral health service and prevention for adults in Jiangsu Province. Methods With reference to WHO "basic methods of oral health survey" (4th edition), a multistage stratified random sampling method was adopted to carry out oral health examination and questionnaire survey among 35- to 74-year-old adults and senior citizens in 4 counties of Jiangsu Province. The CPI probe was used to examine root caries of complete permanent teeth and the caries prevalence rate and the mean DMFT were calculated. Results A total of 450 35- to 74-year-old adults and senior citizens participated in the survey. Among them, 49.33% (222/450) were male, 50.89% (229/450) were urban residents, and 60.44% (272/450) had dental caries. Caries rates increased with age. Among them, the mean DMFT of crown in urban was 8.031±7.269, and the rural was 7.466±6.473. There was no difference between urban and rural (P>0.05). The mean DMFT of male was 7.901±6.996, and the female was 7.610±6.794. There was no difference between two genders (P>0.05). As the age increased, the mean DMFT of crown increased, and the differences between the groups were statistically significant (P<0.001). The higher the level of education was, the lower the mean DMFT of root was, and the differences between the groups were statistically significant (P<0.001). The mean DMFT of root in urban was 0.555±1.464, and the rural was 0.348±0.900. There was no difference between urban and rural (P>0.05). The mean DMFT of root in male was 0.482±1.254 and the female was 0.425±1.194. There was no difference between two genders (P>0.05). The mean DMFT of root increased with age, and the differences between the groups were statistically significant (P<0.001). There was no difference between the groups of different education levels (P>0.05). Conclusion The incidence of dental caries is high and the oral health condition is poor among the 35- to 74-year-old people in Jiangsu Province. It is suggested to strengthen oral health education and preventive health care for the middle-aged and elderly people, especially the aged.

A case with root fracture and buccal bone resorption of right maxillary central incisor was reported. Bone meal, biofilm and PRF membrane were placed at the implant site to guide tissue regeneration by immediate implantation.Titanium mesh was used to maintain the labial osteogenetic space. Finally, the abundances of the labial bone plate of the anterior teeth were restored, and the function and aesthetic effect of the hard and soft tissues in the implant area were guaranteed.

Abstract : Retrospective analysis of a case of implant restoration combined with orthodontic treatment of congenitally missing teeth. For cases with complex congenitally missing teeth, the orthodontic-prosthodontic multidisciplinary treatment plan is feasible, which can provide better treatment outcome and improve esthetic outcome with patients’ satisfaction. Key words:Congenitally missing teeth;Implant restoration;Orthodontics

The eruption of the third molar is influenced by many factors, among which orthodontic treatment is one of the main factors.The purpose of this review is to review the relevant literatures and to summarize the influnce of orthodontics on the third molar,and the predictive methods for the eruption of the third molar.The aim is to provide a reasonable reference for clinical preservation of the third molar which may erupt normally, anchorage preparation, stability after orthodontic surgery and orthodontic design.and for researchers to research this relative issue in the future.

Primer is one of the most important components of bonding materials. In the process of bonding, primer can improve the marginal cohesion and the bonding strength. Based on the current development of primer, this paper reviews the antimicrobial effect of primer, the influence on bonding strength and its application to the durability of bonding, and the future development of primer.

All-ceramic materials have gradually become the main oral repair materials, among which the dental zirconia ceramic has more excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility, but it is difficult to bond and obtain sufficient bonding strength due to its special structure. Therefore, the zirconia surface treatments are needed before bonding. This paper will review the progress of silicon processing on zirconia surface.

Calcium silicate cements (CSCs) are biomaterials with tri- and di-calcium silicates as their dominant ingredients, which exhibit excellent biocompatibility, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory properties and promote stem cells odonto/osteogenic differentiation. CSCs are widely used in bone tissue engineering, dentistry, plastic surgery and other fields. In recent years, MTA, a represent product of CSCs, has been widely applied in pulp capping, pulpotomy, perforation repairment, apical barriers and other endodontic treatments. Furthermore, the application of nanotechnology has significantly improved the physical and chemical properties, the ion release characteristics and bioactivity of CSCs. The interaction between signaling molecules (such as growth and differentiation factors) activation/expression, responsive dental stem cells and the microenvironment are considered as the possible mechanism underlying the promotion of odonto/osteogenic regeneration induced by CSCs. This article will review the related mechanism of CSCs on odonto/osteogenic differentiation of dental stem cells.

Hyaluronic acid is an acidic mucopolysaccharide. It has unique molecular structure and physicochemical properties. It has many important physiological functions in vivo, such as lubricating joints, regulating vascular permeability, regulating protein, water electrolyte diffusion and operation, and promoting wound healing. At present, hyaluronic acid has been widely used in clinical. This review describes the structure, synthesis and metabolism of hyaluronic acid and its application in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Oral lichen planus is one of the common diseases in oral mucosal diseases. Repeated attacks, often accompanied by erosion and other symptoms, seriously affect the quality of life of patients. With the change of medical models, patient-centered clinical diagnosis and treatment activities have gradually become the mainstream. Comprehensive assessment of oral health-related quality of life is becoming more and more important. The patient-led oral health impact scale is increasingly used in the oral field. However, the oral health impact scale is used in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of oral lichen planus. Still less, this paper reviews the oral health impact scale and its validation research and application in oral lichen planus, in order to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of oral lichen planus.

Permanent maxillary canines play an important role in beauty and functions of chew and pronounce, which located inside the bilateral corner of the mouth. And the permanent maxillary canines impacted or displaced, need fenestration and long period of orthodontic treatment, which cost patients a lot, both economically and mentally. This artical reviews the eruption process of permanent maxillary canines and factors hindering it, which provides a reference for further studies of etiology, early prediction and interceptive treatment of impacted or displaced canines.

The relationship between the knife-edge margin of the all-ceramic crowns and periodontal tissues is deeply comprehended through the related literature and the effect of knife-edge margin on the fracture strength of all kinds of all-ceramic crowns is understood according to in-vitro test. An array of in-vivo clinical trial follow-up studies have revealed that crowns with knife-edge margin can obtain similar mechanical and periodontal tissue properties to other margin forms in the short- medium term, but the long-term properties still remain to be observed. This paper has some reference values for the future tooth preparation methods of the clinical all-ceramic restoration, and can give some guidance for obtaining fitter, healthier, and more lasting relationships between the restoration and periodontal tissue.