骨性Ⅱ类不同垂直骨面型上气道与颞下颌关节结构特征相关性研究

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the correlation between three-dimensional upper airway morphology and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) structural characteristics in skeletal Class Ⅱ malocclusion patients with different vertical skeletal patterns. Methods Thirty-six adult patients with skeletal Class Ⅱ malocclusion who attended the Department of Orthodontics at our hospital between January 2021 and December 2024 were enrolled and divided into hypodivergent, normodivergent and hyperdivergent groups according to vertical skeletal pattern. All patients underwent CBCT examination. Three-dimensional airway reconstruction was performed using Dolphin Imaging 11.9 software. The volumes of the nasopharynx,velopharynx,glossopharynx, laryngopharynx as well as the minimum cross-sectional area of the oropharynx were measured. TMJ measurements included mediolateral condylar diameter, anteroposterior condylar diameter, condylar length, glenoid fossa width, glenoid fossa height and the sagittal position of the condyle within the fossa. The anterior and posterior joint spaces were recorded, and a linear ratio (LR) was calculated. One-way ANOVA was performed using SPSS 26.0 to compare intergroup differences; Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between upper airway dimensions and TMJ structural parameters. Results Significant differences were found among the three groups in nasopharyngeal, velopharyngeal and glossopharyngeal airway volumes, as well as in the minimum cross-sectional area of the oropharynx (P<0.05). A decreasing trend from the hypodivergent group to the hyperdivergent group was observed. Significant intergroup differences were also found in anteroposterior condylar diameter and condylar length (P< 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that airway volumes were negatively correlated with the LR in both the hypodivergent and hyperdivergent groups. Conclusion CBCT-based findings indicate a correlation between TMJ morphological characteristics—particularly condylar position—and upper airway structure. Evaluation of condylar position should therefore be considered when assessing the airway during orthodontic treatment planning for patients with skeletal Class Ⅱ malocclusion.

Key words: skeletal Class Ⅱ, vertical facial type, upper airway, temporomandibular joint

CLC Number:

R783.5

GU Heng, DU Yuqing, SHEN Huijie, TANG Huan, YAN Bin. Correlation between upper airway morphology and temporomandibular joint structural characteristics in skeletal Class Ⅱ patients with different vertical facial patterns[J]. Stomatology, 2026, 46(6): 442-447.

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References 19

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测量项目	骨性Ⅱ类低角	骨性Ⅱ类均角	骨性Ⅱ类高角	F	P
鼻咽段体积/mm³	7 285.73±888.20	5 771.64±1 303.65	4 391.36±1 020.68	19.59	0.000^*
腭咽段体积/mm³	6 651.55±1 635.87	4 196.27±798.34	3 084.91±527.95	30.60	0.001^*
舌咽段体积/mm³	6 042.91±1 917.92	4 907.27±1 491.78	2 902.18±532.83	13.49	0.000^*
喉咽段体积/mm³	5 436.45±1 448.58	5 432.09±1 819.06	4 158.45±845.90	2.92	0.069
口咽最小横截面积/mm²	181.00±26.53	144.55±43.99	86.82±22.34	23.72	0.000^*

测量项目
髁突内外径/mm	15.74±2.12	18.08±2.75	15.79±2.45	3.270	0.051
髁突前后径/mm	7.52±0.97	7.32±0.83	6.55±0.73	4.022	0.028^*
髁突长度/mm	19.15±3.49	17.34±2.28	15.90±1.77	4.277	0.023^*
关节窝宽度/mm	15.86±1.69	15.21±1.58	16.88±1.82	2.691	0.084
关节窝高度/mm	7.35±1.52	6.79±1.22	6.76±1.12	0.727	0.492
关节结节后斜面倾斜角/(°)	52.45±11.51	53.67±4.42	53.28±8.65	0.057	0.945
线性比率/%	-2.09±13.29	-1.26±5.03	-0.07±16.04	0.074	0.929

测量项目	髁突内外径	髁突前后径	髁突长度	关节窝宽度	关节窝高度	关节结节后斜面倾斜角	线性比率
鼻咽体积	-0.03	0.15	0.53	-0.29	-0.48	-0.12	-0.75^*
腭咽体积	-0.24	0.12	-0.19	-0.29	0.24	0.33	0.00
舌咽体积	0.67^*	0.39	0.21	0.04	0.10	0.32	-0.09
喉咽体积	0.46	0.22	0.14	-0.30	-0.25	0.33	0.06
口咽最小横截面积	0.48	0.32	-0.04	-0.15	0.03	0.53	-0.13

测量项目	髁突内外径	髁突前后径	髁突长度	关节窝宽度	关节窝高度	关节结节后斜面倾斜角	线性比率
鼻咽体积	-0.31	-0.19	0.16	0.23	0.01	0.03	0.24
腭咽体积	-0.48	-0.38	-0.21	-0.33	-0.16	-0.12	0.11
舌咽体积	0.22	-0.13	-0.20	-0.18	-0.41	-0.06	-0.32
喉咽体积	0.40	0.13	-0.10	0.08	-0.04	0.16	-0.63^*
口咽最小横截面积	-0.20	-0.49	-0.54	-0.62^*	-0.61^*	-0.04	0.09

测量项目	髁突内外径	髁突前后径	髁突长度	关节窝宽度	关节窝高度	关节结节后斜面倾斜角	线性比率
鼻咽体积	0.40	0.48	0.28	-0.19	0.02	0.17	-0.31
腭咽体积	-0.20	0.28	0.08	0.16	-0.06	0.01	-0.44
舌咽体积	0.21	-0.09	-0.19	0.01	0.15	0.27	-0.75^*
喉咽体积	0.37	-0.07	-0.31	-0.29	-0.01	-0.07	-0.33
口咽最小横截面积	-0.15	0.26	0.21	-0.12	-0.50	0.37	-0.43

Correlation between upper airway morphology and temporomandibular joint structural characteristics in skeletal Class Ⅱ patients with different vertical facial patterns

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