熊果酸通过缓解骨髓间充质干细胞衰老改善骨质疏松的研究

doi:10.13591/j.cnki.kqyx.2026.05.001

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To investigate whether ursolic acid （UA） can ameliorate osteoporosis-related jaw bone injuries by alleviating the senescence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMMSCs）. Methods An ovariectomized osteoporotic mouse model was established. After UA intervention，Micro-CT was used to evaluate the trabecular microstructure of the femur and jaw bone. Integrated multidatabase analysis，KEGG pathway enrichment，the CellAge database，and machine learning methods were employed to screen key senescence-related genes through which UA exerts its effects on osteoporosis. Based on single cell transcriptomic data from osteoporotic bone，the expression profiles of these key genes across different cell types were analyzed，and senescence scores for distinct cell populations were calculated using the SenMayo senescence-associated gene set. In vitro，BMMSCs were induced to senesce by H₂O₂ and then treated with UA. Senescence phenotypes and osteogenic capacity were assessed through SA-β-gal staining，ALP/ARS staining，and RT-PCR. Results Micro-CT analysis demonstrated that UA significantly improved trabecular bone micro-architecture in both the femur and jaw of osteoporotic mice. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that the potential targets of UA in osteoporosis were significantly enriched in the p53 signaling pathway and cellular senescence-related pathways. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis showed that multiple key senescence-related genes were expressed in BMMSCs，and senescence scoring based on the SenMayo gene set consistently indicated a higher level of senescence in BMMSCs from osteoporotic samples. Experiments further demonstrated that UA significantly alleviated hydrogen peroxide-induced senescent phenotypes in BMMSCs. Conclusion UA can ameliorate osteoporosis-associated bone injuries by alleviating senescence in BMMSCs，thereby exhibiting a potential bone-protective effect on the jaw.

Key words: ursolic acid, osteoporosis, jaw bone, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, cellular senescence

CLC Number:

R782.4

SUN Xueyu, ZHAO Weiye, ZHANG Kejia, CAO Dan, ZHANG Hanwen, YAN Bin. Study on ursolic acid ameliorating osteoporosis by alleviating senescence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells[J]. Stomatology, 2026, 46(5): 321-329.

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引物	Forward primer 5'—3'	Reverse primer 5'—3'
Alp	ATAACGAGATGCCACCAGAGG	TTCCACATCAGTTCTGTTCTTCG
Runx2	AGAATGGACGTGCCCCCTA	CTGGGGAAGCAGCAACACTA
Osx	AAAGGAGGCACAAAGAAGC	CAGGAAATGAGTGAGGGAAG
Ocn	TTCTGCTCACTCTGCTGACCC	CTGATAGCTCGTCACAAGCAGG
Gapdh	TCCATGACAACTTTGGTATCG	TGTAGCCAAATTCGTTGTCA

Study on ursolic acid ameliorating osteoporosis by alleviating senescence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

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