Objective To study the mechanical and chemical properties of novel calcium-magnesium phosphate cements(CMPCs). Methods Components of the CMPCs were analyzed by XRD and SEM. The physicochemical properties of the CMPCs were investigated, and the effects of different components on setting time, compressive strength, rate of degradation were studied. Results According to the analysis of XRD and SEM, CMPCs were composed of Ca3(PO4)2, Mg3(PO4)2 and HA, and a small amount of unreacted MgO was also observed. It showed that with the increasing amount the CMPCs exhibited shorter setting time and higher compressive strength than the CPC. In addition, CMPCs showed significantly improved degradability compared with the CPC in SBF. Conclusion CMPCs possess a significant clinical advantage over CPC, and it might have the value of in-depth study as dental restorative material.

Objective To discuss the role of dental matrix protein 1（DMP1） in Nestin(+) cells. Methods DMP1 is an important mineralization protein of teeth and bones, but the role of DMP1 in Nestin(+) cells is still not clear. A transgenic mouse model was constructed in which DMP1 over expressed in Nestin(+) cells. With wild mice as the control group, the DMP1-Tg mouse’s jaw phenotypes by H&E staining and micro-CT were observed. Besides, the change of bone resorption in DMP1-Tg mouse by TRAP staining was also observed. Results Compared with WT mouse, the mandibular bone mass of DMP1-Tg mouse decreased; TRAP staining showed increased number of osteoclasts in DMP1-Tg mouse. Conclusion During the process of jaw development, the over expression of DMP1 in Nestin(+) cell can inhibit osteogenesis.

Abstract：　Objective　To evaluate the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in different tooth-site of subjects with severe chronic periodontitis, to help to diagnose the type of the activity of periodontitis and to assess the outcome of periodontal therapy. Methods　 GCF samples were collected by filter paper strip and weighed by tooth-site from 60 severe periodontitis ( probing depth≥6mm) sites and 60 mild periodontitis ( probing depth≤4mm) sites of 30 severe chronic periodontitis patients at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, 12 months after nonsurgical therapy. 30 healthy sites of 15 subjects with healthy periodontium were obtained as a control. The periodontal clinical parameters were recorded and the C-reactive protein levels in GCF were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results　The levels of CRP in GCF in deep pocket sites were (968.06±360.54pg/ml)significantly higher than shallow pocket sites(291.65±65.62pg/ml), and the levels of CRP in GCF of all diseased sites were higher than healthy subjects(33.47±24.53pg/ml). Positive correlations existed between CRP concentration and probing depth(0.825,P<0.05),clinical attachment loss(0.833,P<0.05),plaque index(0.741,P<0.05). Moreover, the concentration of CRP in disease sites showed a statistically decrease after nonsurgical therapy and were related to the condition of oral hygiene. Conclusions　 The concentration of CRP in GCF may correlate with the degree of periodontal tissue destruction, the levels of CRP reduced after nonsurgical therapy in diseased sites.

Objective: The aim of the study was evaluate the effect of orthodontic force in teeth with mild periodontitis by detecting levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor KB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Materials and Methods: Select 20 cases without a history of periodontitis patients and 20 patients with mild periodontitis and the inflammation was under control of orthodontic patients. Collect the distal gingival crevicular fluid of the bilateral maxillary teeth after orthodontic force for 0 hour、1 hour、24 hours、7 days、14 days、21 days. Then determinate the concentration of RANKL and OPG in gingival crevicular fluid by ELISA assays. Analyze the change trend of RANKL, OPG and the ratio of RANKL/OPG in the process of orthodontic. Results: In each time point with orthodontic force, there was no significant difference of RANKL and OPG concentration in the gingival crevicular fluid between the two groups (P > 0.05). The ratio of RANKL/OPG in the gingiva crevicular fluid had no difference at every time points (P > 0.05), expect for the 7 days. Use the 0 hour as control, the concentrations of RANKL in gingival crevicular fluid elevated in the two groups at all time points (P < 0.05）,and the highest expression under orthodontic force was at the 7 days. However the concentrations of OPG in gingival crevicular fluid decreased（P < 0.01）, and the lowest expression under orthodontic force was at the 7 days. Furthermore, the RANKL/ OPG Ratios were also increased, and reached maximum at 7 days under orthodontic force. Conclusions: Under the same orthodontic force, the bone reconstructed activities have no obvious distinction with or without periodontitis. Therefore, appropriate orthodontic force does not aggravate the proceeding of the mild periodontitis, and the mild periodontitis is not the absolute contraindication to conventional orthodontics treatment.

Abstract: Objective To investigate the role of signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (STAT1) on osteoblast differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells and the underlying mechanism. Methods Primary human periodontal ligament cells were isolated and cultured by enzyme-digestion method. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to stimulate human periodontal ligament cells. The osteoblast differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells was induced by osteogenetic differentiation medium. STAT1 overexpression or gene silencing was achieved by transfection of STAT1 overexpression vectors or small interfering RNA (siRNA), respectively. Osteoblast differentiation was detected by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay kit and Alizarin red S staining. The mRNA expression levels of STAT1, collagen type Iα1 (ColA1) and osteopontin (OPN) were detected by real-time quantitative PCR analysis. The protein expression levels of STAT1 and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) were detected by Western blot analysis. Results LPS stimulation significantly upregulated the expression of STAT1. Overexpression of STAT1 significantly inhibited the ALP activity, bone matrix mineralization, nuclear translocation of Runx2 and the expression of ColA1and OPN. In contrast, STAT1 gene silencing markedly increased the ALP activity, bone matrix mineralization, nuclear translocation of Runx2 and the expression of ColA1and OPN. Conclusions STAT1 gene silencing promotes osteoblast differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells through increasing the nuclear translocation of Runx2.

Purpose To evaluate the root canal treatment reaction and long-term efficacy of three different root canal sealers.Methods 163 cases of teeth with a total of 179 were randomized into three groups:group A,including 60 teeth,treated with iRoot SP sealer;group B,including 60 teeth,treated with AH Plus sealer;group C,including 59 teeth,treated with Iodoform sealer;The different incidence of postoperative pain and the one-year successful rate were observed.Data were analyzed using SPSS13.0 software.Results Three kinds of root canal sealer incidence of pain after 7 d: group A was lower than group B and group C（P＜0.05）。compared the one-year successful rate: group A＞ group C and group B ＞group C（P＜0.05）。There were no significant difference between group A and group B（P＞0.05）。Conclusion The iRoot SP sealer was better than the AH Plus sealer and iodoform sealer in single visit root canal treatment,which was an ideal root canal sealer.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of alveolar bulk bone grafting in clinical practice. Methods: 15 cases Of alveolar cleft treated by alveolar bulk bone grafting were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The clinical follow-up over 6-month of 15 cases was finished. 2 patients finished the orthodontic treatment and dental implantation. There were 2 cases with unsatisfied results after 6 months. All the patients could excise normally after 3 months. Conclusions: Alveolar bulk bone grafting, a new surgical approach for alveolar cleft, has satisfactory short-term clinical effects, and the long-term clinical effects need more further studies.

Objective: To evaluate the application of harmonic Scalpel in radical forearm free flap harvesting surgery. Methods: From August 2014 to December 2015, 26 patients were accepted radical forearm free flap harvesting surgery. They were divided into two groups, the treatment group was treated with harmonic Scalpel.the control group was treated with conventional scalpel. The operation time ,intraoperative bleeding volume and surgical complication were recorded. Results:All radical forearm free flaps survive. Operative time of the treatment group was significantly less then the control group（P＜0.05）, The intraoperative bleeding volume of the treatment group was obviously less than the control group（P＜0.05）. No complications occured. Conclusion:Harmonic Scalpel using can significantly reduce the operation time and intraoperative bleed loss volume. It is worth of clinical promotion.

Objective To assess the use of microimplants in the retromolar area for the uprighting treatment of mesial impacted mandibular second molars. Methods　 To select thirteen patients in the year of 2011-2014 who have mesial impacted mandibular second molar in Department of Orthodontics,Jiangsu Province Stomatology Hospital. Twenty-three impacted mandibular second molars were treated with the retromolar placement of a microimplant. Crowns of impacted molars were moved occlusally and distally. Results　All of the twenty-three impacted mandibular second molars were uprighted and brought into occlusion.The average treatment period was 6.5 months. Conclusions　 A microimplant as anchorage in the retromolar area is a more simple and effective application of force to upright the impacted molar. It will facilitate vertical control during the uprighting phase of treatment and avoid adverse effects to the adjacent teeth.

[Abstract]Objective:To perform occlusal restoration for dentinogenesis imperfeca with fixed-removable dentures, observe the clinic effect and summarize the clinical experience. Methods: The data of one family of dentinogenesis imperfeca were collected, analysing genetic characteristics of the disease. By making provisional restorations for 3 months. When the occlusion were in a stable condition, the final fixed-removable dentures were made. Patient was followed up 5 years. To evaluate the dentures from safety, strength and suitability, using improved evaluation criteria for the United States Department of public health. Using statistical analysis of non parametric test(a=0.05) for multiple independent samples H Kruskal-Wallis to analyse the data. Results: Family of three successive generations of dentinogenesis imprfecta appeared. The prevalence of offspring was 50%, it is the features of autosomal dominant characteristic. The others were restored using complete dentures. The patient was restored using fixed-removable dentures and followed up 5 years. The patient felt comfortable, the esthetics and mastication function were significantly improved. The clinical examinations show natural color, fitted margin, healthy gums, and no fracture or fall off of the dentures. There were no significant differences in all the evaluation items(P>0.05). Conclusion: Occlusal restoration with fixed-removable dentures may yield favorable clinical effect.

Objective To compare symphysis morphology among Class Ⅲmalocclusion patients with different facial vertical skeletal patterns. Methods Incisor mandibular plane angle (IMPA), symphysis height (LH) and the thickness of?alveolar bone among mandibular incisor area were measured in 73 CBCTs of adult patients. Results Variations in the mandibular plane have a negative correlation with IMPA and a positive correlation with LH, and IMPA has a positive correlation with the thickness of the buccal alveolar bone. Conclusions An increased trend of long-faced in Class III malocclusion led to variable-length of symphysis height,more lingual inclination of mandibular incisor,and decreasing thickness of the Buccal alveolar bone.

Abstract: Objective To observe the clinical effect of active silver ion antibacterial liquid on the treatment of puberty gingivitis. Methods 78 patients with puberty gingivitis were selected and randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group using active silver ion antibacterial liquid combined with scaling, and the control group treated with scaling only. The gingival index (GI), plaque index (PLI), sulcus bleeding index (SBI) before and after the treatment were detected, and were statistically analyzed. Results There were significant differences of GI, PLI between the two groups (P<0.05), while SBI in both groups were not statistically different (P>0.05). Conclusion The active silver ion antibacterial liquid combined with scaling is effective in treating puberty gingivitis.

A comparison of ?tip-edge?plus and MBT techniques in adult ClassⅡ1 orthodontic treatment [Abstract] Objective ：To compare the outcomes of class II Division 1 patients with Tip-Edge plus and MBT straight wire technique.Methods ：Forty Class II malocclusion patients with four first premolars extracted were recruited. The experimental group used Tip-Edge plus appliance, the control group was treated with MBT straight wire appliance with anchorages. Computerized cephalometric analysis was carried out．Paired t tests and Student’S t-tests were performed．Results： (1) the experimental group and the use of medium anchorage control group achieved similar to the soft and hard tissue effect, two groups of upper molar amount of no statistical difference in the experimental group after the treatment of the lower incisors and the lip inclination than the control group. (2) the experimental group took 3.8 months to open bite average , the average number of return visits were 16 times; the control group took 6.3 months to open bite, and the average number of return visits were 22 times, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions: the tip edge plus technology and MBT straight wire arch technique for correction of adult class II Division 1 malocclusion achieved similar to the soft and hard tissue effect, the same anchorage effect, but the tip edge plus technology bite opening time is short, can significantly reduce the number of follow-up.

Abstract: Objective To analyze the correlation between three assessment methods for cervical dentine hypersensitivity. Methods The assessment methods used to quantify sensitivity were the Yeaple Sensitivity Sensor Probe, Schiff scale and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The data of 0, 4th and 8th weeks were used to analyze the correlation of these three methods. Results The Schiff scale and VAS had well correlation consistency (r=0.26，P=0.003、r=0.49，P=4.18×10-9 and r=0.57，P=5.32×10-12) with statistical significance. Schiff scale and Yeaple scale had well correlation consistency at 8th week (r=-0.41，P=2.01×10-6), while the correlation consistency of Yeaple scale and VAS was poor. Conclusion Schiff scale and VAS can be alternative at clinical trial, and combine with the Yeaple scale. [Key words] dentine hypersensitivity; sensitivity sensor probe; schiff scale; visual analogue scale

A metal framework with individual crowns has distinctive advantages as a new technique for implant-supported fixed prosthesis of edentulous jaws. This clinical report presents one case of the implant-supported fixed rehabilitation for upper and lower edentulous jaws with severe alveolar ridge atrophy using this technique, which has acquired satisfactory effects. The technique of a metal framework with individual crowns is able to solve the problems of severe alveolar ridge atrophy and to screw access holes exposed on lip-buccal sides, possessing both functions and esthetics.

Abstract: Objective To know the caries rate and mean dmft (dynamical mean-field theory) in children aged 3-15 in Minhang district during 2010-2014 school years, and to find out the age and tooth of high caries incidence. Method From September 2010 to August 2015, 3-15 year-old children in public kindergarten, primary and secondary schools in Minhang district were examined to obtain the baseline data and establish their personal oral health record. The result was analyzed by SPSS20.0 software package. Results During 2010-2014 school years, the caries rate and mean dmft of kindergarten students and pupils demonstrated no tendency, but leveling off (P>0.05). The prevalence rate of caries in kindergarten students was about 50%, and that in pupils was about 60%. The caries rate and mean dmft of middle school students were declined year by year with the minimum value in the 2014 school year, when the caries rate was 28.57% and the mean dmft was 1.14, which were significantly lower than these of kindergarten students and pupils (P<0.01). As far as the grade was concerned, the prevalence of caries and the mean dmft of children aged 3-8 increased with age, those of children aged 9-12 declined with age, but the caries rate of children aged 13-15 declined, and the mean dmft increased slowly with age. Conclusion For kindergarten students and pupils, the prevention of intervention of dental caries is the key; for children under 8 years old, the main focus rests in the prevention of dental caries in deciduous teeth; for children above 8 years old, the prevention and early intervention of dental caries in the first molar are particularly important.

Objective To review and analysis the literature on dental trauma of young permanent teeth in China. Method Searching “young permanent teeth”and “dental trauma”from 2001-01-01 to 2015-12-31 in CNKI database. Results 283 literature were included and analyzed in the present study and 18.9 per year on average. 111 (39.2%) literature were published on journal included as CSTPCD. 268 literature were clinical research, among which 75.27 % were retrospective study and 49.25 % focused on crown fracture. Only 5.65 % were supported by funds. Conclusion Clinical research inland on dental trauma of young permanent teeth has obvious advantages. However, problems such as regional disparity, focuses were unbalanced and low funding support were also existed.

Abstract：Objective To retrospectively investigate 1500 cases of Doctor-Patient Relationship (DPR), and understand the characteristics of medical disputes of dental pulp disease. Methods The ledger data of 1500 patients treated by a chief physician for a period of time were put into Exell database and were divided into three kinds of DPR (satisfaction, normal and dispute) ，then the related factors of chi square test, also the "dispute" of the cases were analyzed. Results In 1500 patients, the satisfaction，normal and dispute were 4.13%, 94.14% and 1.73% respectively. Chi square test results indicated that DPR had nothing to do with gender and the way of payment (P > 0.05), but related to age, DF(Dental Fear), treatment methods and other repair therapy such as fiber pile or CAD/CAM（Computer Aided Design/ Computer Aided Manufacture）. Women (21 cases) were in the majority of the disputes(26 cases), so were RCT（Root Canal Treatment） patients (21 cases). 6 cases of complaints, which were involved in the handling of economic compensation.　Conclusion Among the dental pulp disease patients, the 41-65 year-old female patients who need RCT have greater likelihood of medical dispute.Results:In 1500 patients, the satisfaction,normal and dispute were 4.13%, 94.14% and 1.73% respectively. Chi square test results indicate that DPR has nothing to do with both gender and the cost of payment (P > 0.05), but relates to age, DF, treatment methods and other auxiliary repair such as fiber pile or CAD/CAM . The women (21 cases)is in the majority of the dispute(26 cases), RCT patients are also (21 cases).The expression of the form of complaints in 20 cases, 6 cases of complaints, complaints are involved in the handling of economic compensation.Conclusion: In the dental pulp disease patients, the female, 41-65 years old patients or people that had needed RCT had greater likelihood of medical dispute.

Periodontitis and peri-implantitis are inflammatory diseases occurring around natural teeth or dental implants, characterized by infections of soft tissues and loss of surrounding bones. However, pathogenesis of the two diseases is still unclear, and satisfactory therapies have yet to be achieved. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) is a kind of small non-coding ribonucleic acid(RNA) molecule. It has been confirmed to play a crucial role in various physiological and pathobiological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, inflammation and cancer development. Recently, studies have been done to testify that several miRNAs are correlated with pathogenesis of periodontitis. Nevertheless, reports on the relationship between miRNAs and peri-implantitis are scarce. This article mainly elucidates the role of miRNA in periodontitis and peri-implantitis, thus cleaving a promising prospect for miRNA therapy.

Abstract: The primary cilium is a specialized cellular process of mammalian cells. With a large amount of cell signal molecules in it, the primary cilium forms a large information system in cells. Recently, primary cilium has been found in tooth forming cells, and it is reported that dysfunction of cilium can cause dysplasia of teeth，which suggests primary cilium is involved in tooth development. In order to demonstrate the function and signaling pathways of the cilium in tooth development, research on the mechanism and function of primary cilium will be reviewed. It may broaden our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying tooth development.

Currently, larger taper nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments are extensively used to shape root canals because they are able to produce faster preparations with an overall improved mechanical quality .Nevertheless, these large taper preparations will produce excessive enlargement in the ‘danger zone’ area of the mesial root canals of mandibular first molars , resulting in periodontal-endodontic lesions.This article made a brief review on the relationship between the root canal preparation with larger taper nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments and the periodontal-endodontic lesions in the danger zones of the mesial root canals of mandibular first molars.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of malignant tumor. miRNA plays an important role in the development of OSCC. This review will focus on association of miRNA with invasion, metastasis, diagnosis and prognosis of OSCC.